[EQ] Tackling Chronic Disease in Europe - Strategies, interventions and challenges

de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
fecha: 24 de junio de 2010 13:28
asunto: [EQ] Tackling Chronic Disease in Europe - Strategies, interventions and challenges



Tackling Chronic Disease in Europe
Strategies, interventions and challenges


Reinhard Busse, Professor and Director of the Department of Health Care Management at the Berlin University of Technology, and Associate Head for Research Policy of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.
Miriam Blümel, David Scheller-Kreinsen and Annette Zentner, research fellows at the Department of Health Care Management at the Berlin University of Technology.

World Health Organization 2010, on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
Full text of the book [PDF 750KB - 127p.] at: http://bit.ly/afrk27


“……..Chronic conditions and diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Europe, accounting for 86% of total premature deaths, and research suggests that complex conditions such as diabetes and depression will impose an even greater health burden in the future – and not only for the rich and elderly in high-income countries, but increasingly for the poor as well as low- and middle-income countries.

The epidemiologic and economic analyses in the first part of the book suggest that policy-makers should make chronic disease a priority.
This book highlights the issues and focuses on the strategies and interventions that policy-makers have at their disposal to tackle this increasing challenge.

Strategies discussed in the second part of this volume include
(1) prevention and early detection,
(2) new provider qualifications (e.g. nurse practitioners) and settings,
(3) disease management programmes and
(4) integrated care models.
But choosing the right strategies will be difficult, particularly given the limited evidence on effectiveness and cost/effectiveness.

In the third part, the book therefore outlines and discusses institutional and organizational challenges for policy-makers and managers:
(1) stimulating the development of new effective pharmaceuticals and medical devices,
(2) designing appropriate financial incentives,
(3) improving coordination,
(4) using information and communication technology, and
(5) ensuring evaluation.
To tackle these challenges successfully, key policy recommendations are made.


The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies is a partnership between the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, the Governments of Belgium, Finland, Norway, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden, the Veneto Region of Italy, the European Investment Bank, the World Bank, the London School of Economics and Political Science and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
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[Ergo] Llamado a participar desde Chile

de: EMK : emonterok@gmail.com
fecha: 25 de junio de 2010 08:58
asunto: [Ergo] Llamado a participar desde Chile



Saludos Ergolisteros,
Con mucho gusto retomo comunicación con la comunidad de ergonautas, y esta vez, para invitarles a todos los residentes en Chile a participar en la II Bienal Iberoamericana de Diseño en Madrid 2010. En el llamado adjunto cabe destacar sus dos temáticas principales, “Diseño para el Desarrollo” y “Diseño para todos o inclusivo”, este último en el cual creo deben haber muchos trabajos y proyectos de los miembros de la ergolista que pueden participar. Los invito a todos a este llamado de preselección de trabajos que sólo requiere una breve descripción del tema (ver documento afiche adjunto y las bases en el sitio de la Bienal.

Con un especial abrazo y saludo,

enrique montero kaiser


***********************

Director Gerente General EMK Diseño y Ergonomía Aplicada S.p.A.
Presidente Colegio Diseñadores Profesionales de Chile
Pass Director Sociedad Chilena de Ergonomía
Co-fundador Unión Latinoamericana de Ergonomía
Director Editorial de DiseñoLA.org
Docente de pre y pos grado
Máster en Ergonomía, UPC, Barcelona España
Máster Diseño Industrial y Creación de Productos, UPC, Barcelona España.





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Comunidad "ERGO"
Un proyecto de "Ergonomía en Español"
http://www.ergonomia.cl

¡¡MÁS DE 10 AÑOS!!

¡¡650 MIEMBROS!!

[EQ] The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities

de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
fecha: 25 de junio de 2010 09:30
asunto: [EQ] The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities



The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities…Efficient and fair employment and welfare state policies are needed to reduce employment related health inequalities explain Joan Benach and colleagues..Joan Benach, director of the Health Inequalities Research Group (GREDS). Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (EMCONET)1,2, Carles Muntaner, professor of nursing1,3, Haejoo Chung, assistant professor1,3,4, Orielle Solar, undersecretary for public health1,5,6, Vilma Santana, associate professor7, Sharon Friel, associate professor8, Tanja AJ Houweling, senior research fellow 8, Michael Marmot, professor8
1 Health Inequalities Research Group (GREDS), Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (EMCONET), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain, 2 CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain, 3 Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada, 4 Department of Healthcare Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Republic of Korea, 5 Ministry of Health, Chile, 6 School of Public Heath. Universidad Mayor, Chile, 7 Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, 8 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom
BMJ 2010;340:c2154 - 21 June 2010, doi:10.1136/bmj.c2154
Website: http://bit.ly/9GLI1T

“………..Globalisation has increased the inequality in working conditions across regions, countries, social groups, and occupations. It has also generated substantial social inequalities in health. Worldwide, about 1000 workers, mainly located in poor regions and countries, die every day because of unsafe working conditions, and an additional 5000 people die from work related diseases.4 5 In rich regions, such as the European Union, long established hazards at work—for example, exposure to chemical products, radiation, or vibrations—have remained stable or slightly decreased in the past decade.

Studies, however, report the increase of other hazards, such as work intensification and non-standard employment, and the strong links between these different hazards and health inequalities.

For example, working class people tend to be employed in jobs that have poor psychosocial working conditions, and large and persistent health inequalities exist.6 7 In middle and low income countries, most workers are employed in agriculture or manufacturing. They face heavy physical work, the risk of injury, and the risk of poisonings from pesticides and biological hazards. Workers are unequally exposed to hazardous working conditions within countries and as a result health inequalities vary across occupation, gender, ethnicity, migrant status, and other forms of social stratification………..”


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[EQ] The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities

de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
fecha: 25 de junio de 2010 09:30
asunto: [EQ] The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities



The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities…Efficient and fair employment and welfare state policies are needed to reduce employment related health inequalities explain Joan Benach and colleagues..Joan Benach, director of the Health Inequalities Research Group (GREDS). Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (EMCONET)1,2, Carles Muntaner, professor of nursing1,3, Haejoo Chung, assistant professor1,3,4, Orielle Solar, undersecretary for public health1,5,6, Vilma Santana, associate professor7, Sharon Friel, associate professor8, Tanja AJ Houweling, senior research fellow 8, Michael Marmot, professor8
1 Health Inequalities Research Group (GREDS), Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (EMCONET), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain, 2 CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain, 3 Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada, 4 Department of Healthcare Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Republic of Korea, 5 Ministry of Health, Chile, 6 School of Public Heath. Universidad Mayor, Chile, 7 Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, 8 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom
BMJ 2010;340:c2154 - 21 June 2010, doi:10.1136/bmj.c2154
Website: http://bit.ly/9GLI1T

“………..Globalisation has increased the inequality in working conditions across regions, countries, social groups, and occupations. It has also generated substantial social inequalities in health. Worldwide, about 1000 workers, mainly located in poor regions and countries, die every day because of unsafe working conditions, and an additional 5000 people die from work related diseases.4 5 In rich regions, such as the European Union, long established hazards at work—for example, exposure to chemical products, radiation, or vibrations—have remained stable or slightly decreased in the past decade.

Studies, however, report the increase of other hazards, such as work intensification and non-standard employment, and the strong links between these different hazards and health inequalities.

For example, working class people tend to be employed in jobs that have poor psychosocial working conditions, and large and persistent health inequalities exist.6 7 In middle and low income countries, most workers are employed in agriculture or manufacturing. They face heavy physical work, the risk of injury, and the risk of poisonings from pesticides and biological hazards. Workers are unequally exposed to hazardous working conditions within countries and as a result health inequalities vary across occupation, gender, ethnicity, migrant status, and other forms of social stratification………..”


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[EQ] Best practice in estimating the costs of alcohol - Recommendations for future studies

de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
fecha: 14 de junio de 2010 14:42
asunto: [EQ] Best practice in estimating the costs of alcohol - Recommendations for future studies


Best practice in estimating the costs of alcohol – Recommendations for future studies

Edited by:Lars Møller, Regional Adviser a.i., WHO Regional Office for Europe
Srdan Matic, Unit Head, WHO Regional Office for Europe World health Organization WHO Regional Office for Europe
2010, vi + 64 pages - ISBN 978 92 890 4207 9


Available online PDF [72p.] at: http://bit.ly/bSet1F



This report aims to summarize best practice in estimating the attributable and avoidable costs of alcohol, and to make recommendations for making such estimates in future studies. It discusses the conceptual basis for such cost studies, and examines the conceptual and methodological challenges for each type of cost in turn. It recommends:
1. changes in the terminology used;
2. the consistent and explicit consideration of external costs;
3. more sophisticated modelling of the effect of policy on costs;
4. more robust attempts to quantify alcohol’s causal effect on harm and costs;
5. a demonstration project using new methodologies;
6. the use of scenarios rather than existing sensitivity analyses;
7. the importing of data from other studies rather than simply omitting certain types of cost;
8. consideration of future health and resource costs; and
9. not using the human capital method for valuing the labour costs of premature mortality within the main estimates.



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[EQ] Medical tourism today: What is the state of existing knowledge?

de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
fecha: 14 de junio de 2010 15:01
asunto: [EQ] Medical tourism today: What is the state of existing knowledge?

Medical tourism today: What is the state of existing knowledge?

Laura Hopkins a, Ronald Labonté b, Vivien Runnels b and Corinne Packer b
A School of Public Health, Health Sciences Building, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
B Globalization and Health Equity, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Canada

Journal of Public Health Policy (2010) 31, 185–198. doi:10.1057/jphp.2010.10


Abstract at: http://bit.ly/aVNyMT



“……One manifestation of globalization is medical tourism. As its implications remain largely unknown, we reviewed claimed benefits and risks. Driven by high health-care costs, long waiting periods, or lack of access to new therapies in developed countries, most medical tourists (largely from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe) seek care in Asia and Latin America.

Although individual patient risks may be offset by credentialing and sophistication in (some) destination country facilities, lack of benefits to poorer citizens in developing countries offering medical tourism remains a generic equity issue. Data collection, measures, and studies of medical tourism all need to be greatly improved if countries are to assess better both the magnitude and potential health implications of this trade……..”


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[EQ] Trends and Directions of Global Public Health Surveillance

de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
fecha: 15 de junio de 2010 11:50
asunto: [EQ] Trends and Directions of Global Public Health Surveillance


Trends and Directions of Global Public Health Surveillance

Carlos Castillo-Salgado, Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore MD USA
Epidemiologic Reviews - Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
June 9, 2010 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxq008

Website: http://bit.ly/bJHCu2


“………..Recently, global health and global health surveillance have received unprecedented recognition of their importance because of the newly emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, new cycles of pandemics, and the threats of bioterrorism.

The aim of this review is to provide an update of the current state of knowledge on health surveillance in a globalized world. Three key areas will be highlighted in this review:
1) the role of the new International Health Regulations,
2) the emergence of new global health networks for surveillance and bioterrorism, and
3) the reshaping of guidelines for the collection, dissemination, and interventions in global surveillance.

A discussion is also presented of the more important challenges of global health surveillance. Global surveillance has been reshaped by important changes in the new International Health Regulations and the rapid development of new global networks for disease surveillance and bioterrorism. These networks provide for the first time at the global scale real-time information about potential outbreaks and epidemics of newly emerging and reemerging infectious diseases.

The recent outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic provide evidence of the benefits of the new global monitoring and of the importance of the World Health Organization in its coordinating role in the multilateral response of the global public health community….”



“…….There is agreement among the different reviewed professional assessments that key constraints and challenges for global public health are as follows:


1. The development of core capacities for new surveillance and response systems for developing countries is affected by the lack or shortages of resources, limited trained national staff and officials, and weak networks of laboratories.
2. Many countries have multiple independent surveillance and health information systems with limited coordination and no interoperability.
3. Laboratory facilities in many developing countries are not familiar with quality assurance and control principles and regulations, and a large percentage of their equipment is obsolete or not functioning.
4. Joint surveillance protocols and innovative systems of early detection of emerging diseases of animal origin that might threaten human health are needed. There is also a pressing need to have better integration and close collaboration of zoonotic and human surveillance systems.
5. The global disease monitoring through automated classification and visualization of events using electronic means is a limited option in many countries where the technologic divide is extreme. Large numbers of countries or areas in the interior of the countries have no access to the Internet or to basic computerized systems.
6. Local health facilities in a large number of countries have limited operating telecommunications and transportation capabilities available.
7. Traditionally, official surveillance systems are operated by staff not linked to the response teams, and the information collected is outdated and fragmented.
8. Many countries with severe human rights protection problems have difficulty maintaining the principles of fairness, objectivity, and transparency.
9. Compliance with global health regulations will require constant economic and technical cooperation with poorer countries……..”




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