de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 27 de septiembre de 2011 18:38
asunto: [EQ] 5th Symposium on Global Health Diplomacy- The Future Agenda at the Interface of Public Health, innovation and Trade
5th High-Level Symposium on Global Health Diplomacy
Global Health Programme, at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
Geneva, Switzerland
Ten Years After The Doha Declaration-
The Future Agenda at the Interface of Public Health, innovation and Trade- An Outlook on the Next Ten Years
Wednesday, 23 November 2011, 10:00-17:00 at World Trade Organization, Geneva
Website: http://bit.ly/od3UGg
“…..The annual high-level symposium of the Global Health Programme explores critical issues and new developments in global health with particular relevance to the intersection of health, foreign policy and trade.
Ten years have passed since the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which was a paradigm shift towards a greater focus on issues related to intellectual property and public health. Significant achievements have been made to better recognise public health values in framing the intellectual property and international trading system, including the works of the WHO Global strategy and plan of action on public health, innovation and intellectual property and the WIPO Development Agenda. At the same time, major challenges remain: overcoming the main infectious diseases, increasing research for neglected diseases, the growing burden of non-communicable diseases, as well as other emerging public health threats and a changing economic climate.
The complex relationship between public health, innovation and trade necessitates a more holistic approach in the future, involving a wide range of actors. The symposium aims to review achievements and challenges in promoting access and innovation, to foster policy coherence between different international organisations, as well as other key stakeholders, and to discuss the remaining challenges and their future impact on a comprehensive work agenda.
Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization, Pascal Lamy, Director-General of the World Trade Organization, and Francis Gurry, Director General of the World Intellectual Property Organization, will engage in a dialogue on these issues at the symposium.
The first part of the Symposium will review achievements since the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS and Public Health Agreement and highlight challenges that remain. We have been able to secure the participation of the Directors-General of WHO- Dr. Margaret Chan, of WIPO- Mr. Francis Gurry and of WTO- Mr. Pascal Lamy for the morning session.
The morning discussions will be informed by a joint trilateral study, prepared by the WHO, WIPO and WTO.
The afternoon sessions will focus on the future agenda at the interface of public health, innovation and trade and high-level speakers from other key organisations, academia, private sector and civil society will express their perspectives in a forward looking manner.
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
viernes, 30 de septiembre de 2011
Tackling the global clean air challenge
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 28 de septiembre de 2011 10:53
asunto: [EQ] Tackling the global clean air challenge
Tackling the global clean air challenge
“……..- In many cities air pollution is reaching levels that threaten people's health according to an unprecedented compilation of air quality data released today by WHO. The information includes data from nearly 1100 cities across 91 countries, including capital cities and cities with more than 100 000 residents.
Over 2 million people die from indoor and outdoor air pollution
World Health Organization WHO - Press release September 2011: http://bit.ly/p90Y2g
Website: http://bit.ly/q2wM3T
Database: outdoor air pollution in cities at: http://bit.ly/oksxcp
WHO estimates more than 2 million people die every year from breathing in tiny particles present in indoor and outdoor air pollution. PM10 particles, which are particles of 10 micrometers or less, which can penetrate into the lungs and may enter the bloodstream, can cause heart disease, lung cancer, asthma, and acute lower respiratory infections. The WHO air quality guidelines for PM10 is 20 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) as an annual average, but the data released today shows that average PM10 in some cities has reached up to 300 µg/m3.
Main findings
The main findings contained in the new compilation are:
· Persistently elevated levels of fine particle pollution are common across many urban areas. Fine particle pollution often originates from combustion sources such as power plants and motor vehicles.
· The great majority of urban populations have an average annual exposure to PM10 particles in excess of the WHO Air Quality guideline recommended maximum level of 20 µg/m3. On average, only a few cities currently meet the WHO guideline values.
· For 2008, the estimated mortality attributable to outdoor air pollution in cities amounts to 1.34 million premature deaths. If the WHO guidelines had been universally met, an estimated 1.09 million deaths could have been prevented in 2008. The number of deaths attributable to air pollution in cities has increased from the previous estimation of 1.15 million deaths in 2004. The increase in the mortality estimated to be attributable to urban air pollution is linked to recent increases in air pollution concentrations and in urban population size, as well as improved data availability and methods employed.
Greater awareness of health risks
WHO is calling for greater awareness of health risks caused by urban air pollution, implementation of effective policies and close monitoring of the situation in cities. A reduction from an average of 70 µg/m3 of PM10 to an annual average of 20 µg/m3 of PM10 is expected to yield a 15% reduction in mortality - considered a major public health gain. At higher levels of pollution, similar reductions would have less impact on reducing mortality, but will nevertheless still bring important health benefits.
"Solutions to outdoor air pollution problems in a city will differ depending on the relative contribution of pollution sources, its stage of development, as well as its local geography," said Dr Carlos Dora, WHO Coordinator for Interventions for Health Environments in the Department of Public Health and Environment. "The most powerful way that the information from the WHO database can be used is for a city to monitor its own trends in air pollution over time, so as to identify, improve and scale-up effective interventions."
Largest contributors to urban outdoor air pollution
In both developed and developing countries, the largest contributors to urban outdoor air pollution include motor transport, small-scale manufacturers and other industries, burning of biomass and coal for cooking and heating, as well as coal-fired power plants. Residential wood and coal burning for space heating is an important contributor to air pollution, especially in rural areas during colder months. …”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 28 de septiembre de 2011 10:53
asunto: [EQ] Tackling the global clean air challenge
Tackling the global clean air challenge
“……..- In many cities air pollution is reaching levels that threaten people's health according to an unprecedented compilation of air quality data released today by WHO. The information includes data from nearly 1100 cities across 91 countries, including capital cities and cities with more than 100 000 residents.
Over 2 million people die from indoor and outdoor air pollution
World Health Organization WHO - Press release September 2011: http://bit.ly/p90Y2g
Website: http://bit.ly/q2wM3T
Database: outdoor air pollution in cities at: http://bit.ly/oksxcp
WHO estimates more than 2 million people die every year from breathing in tiny particles present in indoor and outdoor air pollution. PM10 particles, which are particles of 10 micrometers or less, which can penetrate into the lungs and may enter the bloodstream, can cause heart disease, lung cancer, asthma, and acute lower respiratory infections. The WHO air quality guidelines for PM10 is 20 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) as an annual average, but the data released today shows that average PM10 in some cities has reached up to 300 µg/m3.
Main findings
The main findings contained in the new compilation are:
· Persistently elevated levels of fine particle pollution are common across many urban areas. Fine particle pollution often originates from combustion sources such as power plants and motor vehicles.
· The great majority of urban populations have an average annual exposure to PM10 particles in excess of the WHO Air Quality guideline recommended maximum level of 20 µg/m3. On average, only a few cities currently meet the WHO guideline values.
· For 2008, the estimated mortality attributable to outdoor air pollution in cities amounts to 1.34 million premature deaths. If the WHO guidelines had been universally met, an estimated 1.09 million deaths could have been prevented in 2008. The number of deaths attributable to air pollution in cities has increased from the previous estimation of 1.15 million deaths in 2004. The increase in the mortality estimated to be attributable to urban air pollution is linked to recent increases in air pollution concentrations and in urban population size, as well as improved data availability and methods employed.
Greater awareness of health risks
WHO is calling for greater awareness of health risks caused by urban air pollution, implementation of effective policies and close monitoring of the situation in cities. A reduction from an average of 70 µg/m3 of PM10 to an annual average of 20 µg/m3 of PM10 is expected to yield a 15% reduction in mortality - considered a major public health gain. At higher levels of pollution, similar reductions would have less impact on reducing mortality, but will nevertheless still bring important health benefits.
"Solutions to outdoor air pollution problems in a city will differ depending on the relative contribution of pollution sources, its stage of development, as well as its local geography," said Dr Carlos Dora, WHO Coordinator for Interventions for Health Environments in the Department of Public Health and Environment. "The most powerful way that the information from the WHO database can be used is for a city to monitor its own trends in air pollution over time, so as to identify, improve and scale-up effective interventions."
Largest contributors to urban outdoor air pollution
In both developed and developing countries, the largest contributors to urban outdoor air pollution include motor transport, small-scale manufacturers and other industries, burning of biomass and coal for cooking and heating, as well as coal-fired power plants. Residential wood and coal burning for space heating is an important contributor to air pollution, especially in rural areas during colder months. …”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
European review of social determinants of health
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 29 de septiembre de 2011 12:59
asunto: [EQ] European review of social determinants of health
European review of social determinants of health
Interim second report on social determinants of health and the health divide in the European Region
WHO - EUR/RC61/Inf.Doc./5
Drafted by a team based at University College London and led by Sir Michael Marmot – 2011
Available online PDF [75p.] at: http://bit.ly/qwzKh0
“……This interim second report sets out the approaches to tackling health inequities that have emerged from the work undertaken since WHO published the Interim first report on social determinants of health and the health divide in the WHO European Region in September 2010 as part of the review. This report further describes some of the Region’s inequalities that were set out in the first report.
Key developments reported are:
• the review’s conceptual approach to the causes of health inequities and the policies and processes required to tackle these;
• analysis of recent time trends in the WHO European Region;
• identification of the key themes and issues that have emerged from the work of topic specific and cross-cutting task groups
so far and that will underpin the formulation of recommendations to be made by the review;
• emerging thinking on the role WHO, health ministers and other important actors can play in promoting health equity for
current and future generations by promoting fairer and more sustainable societies; and
• how the review fits into wider global action on the social determinants of health and the new European policy for health – Health 2020….”
Contents
Executive summary
1. Overview
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Scope of the review
1.3 The policy context
2. Health and its social determinants in the WHO European Region
2.1 Health and inequalities in Europe
2.2 Trends
2.3 Social gradient within countries
2.4 Conceptual framework
2.5 Applying the framework to understand the time trends in the WHO European Region
3. European review of the social determinants of health and the health divide
3.1 Structure of the review and the approach to be taken
3.2 Task groups
3.3 Activities
3.3.1 Promising practices and country experiences
3.3.2 Consultation
3.3.3 Examination of future trends in inequalities in health
4. Emerging themes
4.1 Emerging thinking on themes
4.2 Thematic areas and issues
4.2.1 Key concepts
4.2.2 Organizations and governance
4.2.3 Interventions and policies
4.2.4 Wider agendas
4.2.5 Economic issues
References
Annex 1. Key messages reported in phase 1 of the review
Annex 2. Review of systems, processes and contexts affecting action on the social determinants of health
Annex 3. Summaries of the interim reports of the task groups
First interim report on the European review of social determinants of health and the health divide
Report on the new health policy framework for the WHO European Region (Health 2020)
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 29 de septiembre de 2011 12:59
asunto: [EQ] European review of social determinants of health
European review of social determinants of health
Interim second report on social determinants of health and the health divide in the European Region
WHO - EUR/RC61/Inf.Doc./5
Drafted by a team based at University College London and led by Sir Michael Marmot – 2011
Available online PDF [75p.] at: http://bit.ly/qwzKh0
“……This interim second report sets out the approaches to tackling health inequities that have emerged from the work undertaken since WHO published the Interim first report on social determinants of health and the health divide in the WHO European Region in September 2010 as part of the review. This report further describes some of the Region’s inequalities that were set out in the first report.
Key developments reported are:
• the review’s conceptual approach to the causes of health inequities and the policies and processes required to tackle these;
• analysis of recent time trends in the WHO European Region;
• identification of the key themes and issues that have emerged from the work of topic specific and cross-cutting task groups
so far and that will underpin the formulation of recommendations to be made by the review;
• emerging thinking on the role WHO, health ministers and other important actors can play in promoting health equity for
current and future generations by promoting fairer and more sustainable societies; and
• how the review fits into wider global action on the social determinants of health and the new European policy for health – Health 2020….”
Contents
Executive summary
1. Overview
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Scope of the review
1.3 The policy context
2. Health and its social determinants in the WHO European Region
2.1 Health and inequalities in Europe
2.2 Trends
2.3 Social gradient within countries
2.4 Conceptual framework
2.5 Applying the framework to understand the time trends in the WHO European Region
3. European review of the social determinants of health and the health divide
3.1 Structure of the review and the approach to be taken
3.2 Task groups
3.3 Activities
3.3.1 Promising practices and country experiences
3.3.2 Consultation
3.3.3 Examination of future trends in inequalities in health
4. Emerging themes
4.1 Emerging thinking on themes
4.2 Thematic areas and issues
4.2.1 Key concepts
4.2.2 Organizations and governance
4.2.3 Interventions and policies
4.2.4 Wider agendas
4.2.5 Economic issues
References
Annex 1. Key messages reported in phase 1 of the review
Annex 2. Review of systems, processes and contexts affecting action on the social determinants of health
Annex 3. Summaries of the interim reports of the task groups
First interim report on the European review of social determinants of health and the health divide
Report on the new health policy framework for the WHO European Region (Health 2020)
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
Return on Investment Mental Health Promotion and Mental Illness Prevention
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 29 de septiembre de 2011 16:25
asunto: [EQ] Return on Investment Mental Health Promotion and Mental Illness Prevention
Return on Investment Mental Health Promotion and Mental Illness Prevention
Canadian Policy Network at the University of Western Ontario
Canadian Institute for Health Information. CIHI 2011
Available online PDF file [76p.] at: http://bit.ly/o0cTEd
“….Mental health issues will be among the leading causes of disability in Canada by 2030, yet there is limited information about the costs of interventions for mental illness prevention and mental health promotion.
This scoping study found that there is research showing a return on investment for some mental health promotion/illness prevention interventions. The strongest evidence was for interventions targeting children and youth (such as those that focus on conduct disorders, depression, parenting, and suicide awareness and prevention), while the weakest evidence was from the workplace sector….”
Key Messages
· The evidence suggests that there is a return on investment (ROI) for some mental health promotion/illness prevention interventions.
· There are a number of high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the topics of ROI for mental health promotion and mental illness prevention; however, the number of randomized trials is low and there is an overall lack of evidence in Canada.
· There is more evidence for illness prevention activities, and most studies were found at the individual/organizational levels.
· The weakest evidence was from the workplace sector, due to a lack of high-quality research studies.
· The strongest ROI evidence was for children/adolescents in the areas of reducing conduct disorders and depression, parenting and anti-bullying/-stigma programs, suicide awareness and prevention, health promotion in schools and primary health care screening for depression and alcohol misuse.
· There is a lack of standard definitions in the areas of mental health, mental health promotion, mental illness prevention and economic analysis. A common lexicon that crosses sectors is required.
· Expenditure information on mental health is research-based and likely understated. There is a lack of expenditure information on mental health promotion/mental illness prevention.
· Returns from mental health promotion/illness prevention typically show up in a different sector from the one in which the investments are made— a “mental health–in-all-policies” approach should be considered.
· By 2030, mental health issues will be the leading cause of disability in Canada, but Canada appears to be a low spender on mental health.
· There is mounting evidence that the growing cost to society of mental illness is not sustainable—the total cost to society could be greater than the entire cost of the health care system in Canada.
· The solution lies in promoting mental health and preventing mental illness—we need to prevent more people from breaking down—and a long-range view is required…”
Table of Contents
Key Messages
Executive Summary
Introduction
Methodology
Search Protocol
Results
Health
Education
Workplace
Social Services and Criminal Justice
Discussion
Conclusion
Appendix A: Search Strategy Results
Appendix B: Glossary of Health Economic Terms
References
Bibliography
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 29 de septiembre de 2011 16:25
asunto: [EQ] Return on Investment Mental Health Promotion and Mental Illness Prevention
Return on Investment Mental Health Promotion and Mental Illness Prevention
Canadian Policy Network at the University of Western Ontario
Canadian Institute for Health Information. CIHI 2011
Available online PDF file [76p.] at: http://bit.ly/o0cTEd
“….Mental health issues will be among the leading causes of disability in Canada by 2030, yet there is limited information about the costs of interventions for mental illness prevention and mental health promotion.
This scoping study found that there is research showing a return on investment for some mental health promotion/illness prevention interventions. The strongest evidence was for interventions targeting children and youth (such as those that focus on conduct disorders, depression, parenting, and suicide awareness and prevention), while the weakest evidence was from the workplace sector….”
Key Messages
· The evidence suggests that there is a return on investment (ROI) for some mental health promotion/illness prevention interventions.
· There are a number of high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the topics of ROI for mental health promotion and mental illness prevention; however, the number of randomized trials is low and there is an overall lack of evidence in Canada.
· There is more evidence for illness prevention activities, and most studies were found at the individual/organizational levels.
· The weakest evidence was from the workplace sector, due to a lack of high-quality research studies.
· The strongest ROI evidence was for children/adolescents in the areas of reducing conduct disorders and depression, parenting and anti-bullying/-stigma programs, suicide awareness and prevention, health promotion in schools and primary health care screening for depression and alcohol misuse.
· There is a lack of standard definitions in the areas of mental health, mental health promotion, mental illness prevention and economic analysis. A common lexicon that crosses sectors is required.
· Expenditure information on mental health is research-based and likely understated. There is a lack of expenditure information on mental health promotion/mental illness prevention.
· Returns from mental health promotion/illness prevention typically show up in a different sector from the one in which the investments are made— a “mental health–in-all-policies” approach should be considered.
· By 2030, mental health issues will be the leading cause of disability in Canada, but Canada appears to be a low spender on mental health.
· There is mounting evidence that the growing cost to society of mental illness is not sustainable—the total cost to society could be greater than the entire cost of the health care system in Canada.
· The solution lies in promoting mental health and preventing mental illness—we need to prevent more people from breaking down—and a long-range view is required…”
Table of Contents
Key Messages
Executive Summary
Introduction
Methodology
Search Protocol
Results
Health
Education
Workplace
Social Services and Criminal Justice
Discussion
Conclusion
Appendix A: Search Strategy Results
Appendix B: Glossary of Health Economic Terms
References
Bibliography
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
[Ergo] Instituto de Biomecánica
de: Raquel Ruiz : raquel.ruiz@ibv.upv.es
para: Ergo@gruposyahoo.com
fecha: 30 de septiembre de 2011 05:38
asunto: [Ergo] Instituto de Biomecánica
Hola,
Os adjunto un par de enlaces a dos cursos que van a empezar en octubre por si son de vuestro interés.
http://campus.ibv.org/ibv/ficha.php?id=150
http://campus.ibv.org/ibv/ficha.php?id=155
Más información en:
http://laboral.ibv.org/
Un saludo.
para: Ergo@gruposyahoo.com
fecha: 30 de septiembre de 2011 05:38
asunto: [Ergo] Instituto de Biomecánica
Hola,
Os adjunto un par de enlaces a dos cursos que van a empezar en octubre por si son de vuestro interés.
http://campus.ibv.org/ibv/ficha.php?id=150
http://campus.ibv.org/ibv/ficha.php?id=155
Más información en:
http://laboral.ibv.org/
Un saludo.
Expert Review and Proposals for Measurement of Health Inequalities
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 30 de septiembre de 2011 10:33
asunto: [EQ] Expert Review and Proposals for Measurement of Health Inequalities
Expert Review and Proposals for Measurement of Health Inequalities in the European Union
Spinakis A, Anastasiou G, Panousis V, Spiliopoulos K, Palaiologou S, Yfantopoulos J
Full Report. (2011) European Commission
Directorate General for Health and Consumers. Luxembourg. ISBN 978-92-79-18528-1
Full Report available online PDF file [202p.] at: http://bit.ly/n9mSVI
Summary PDF file [39p.] at: http://bit.ly/pLATPK
“…..Monitoring of inequalities in health is an important public health task. Interest in health inequalities among EU countries and their regions as well as among the various social clusters in the EU population is growing.
The search for the best appropriate “summary measure” of health inequality that can be observed individually or in terms of groups of individuals, is a task that occupies a lot the researchers involved in the fields of inequality research.
Lately in the EU, it has been recognized that a more focused effort is required. It is more natural to suggest and construct methodologies or indices that will be suitable for assessing trends in terms of mortality, morbidity and also self-perceived health. The selection of an appropriate indicator or an appropriate measurement methodology for health inequality across the EU-27 countries is a demanding task. Each available indicator has advantages and disadvantages.
Simple indicators are usually comprehensive but may not have some specific desirable characteristics. Other indicators are more technical and difficult to understand, apply and/or interpret, but can assist more in explaining significant components of the concept “health inequality”. Complex indicators can also be very useful in the decomposition of inequality. Based on the above, it is reasonable to state that one main goal in the study of health inequalities is to,
- propose appropriate measurement methods in the form of indicators that “estimate” and “capture” the exact level of inequality in a population
(here the EU population).
The other very important goal of this study is to monitor the variation of health inequalities in all levels of analysis
(e.g. social groups, regions, individuals) through time. Thus, perform a trend analysis.
The main objective was to contribute in the area of “Monitoring Health Inequalities in the EU”, by combining the best practices in health inequalities measurement with the most reliable data that can be used to calculate these measures.
The specific tasks of the project were:
- the review and analysis of the existing work done in the measurement of health inequalities in the EU.
- the review and analysis of the existing and planned data sets available across the EU, with an assessment of their suitability for the purposes of the analysis.
Content:
Executive Summary
1.Introduction
2. Measurement of Health & Health inequalities in the EU – Conceptual framework
2.1 Health data - Health Indicators
2.2 What is Health Inequality?
2.3 Measurement of health inequality in the EU – A historical review
2.4 Inequality Indicators - Definitions & Classifications
3. Most suitable summary measures for monitoring health inequalities in the EU
3.1 Which indicators do we need? - What do we need to measure?
3.2 Inequalities in mortality across the EU area, regions and time
3.2.1 Proposed Indicators
3.2.2 Inequalities in the EU - Analysis of trends
3.3 Inequalities in Perceived Health Status and other Self Assessed Morbidity by SES groups in the EU
3.3.1 Proposed Indicators
3.3.2 Inequalities in the EU - Analysis of trends
3.4 Inequalities in Disability & Activity Limitations by SES groups in the EU
4. Concluding Remarks
Bibliography
ANNEX I: Index of Tables & Figures
ANNEX II: Tables
ANNEX III: Figures
ANNEX IV: Conceptual Framework to Measurement and Monitoring Health Inequalities
ANNEX V: Classification of Health Inequalities Measurement Techniques
ANNEX VI: Preliminary Evaluation of health Inequality Indicators & Desirable Properties
ANNEX VII: Health Inequalities Measurement by Social Groups - Core Social Variables
ANNEX VIII: EU Survey Tools & Questions
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 30 de septiembre de 2011 10:33
asunto: [EQ] Expert Review and Proposals for Measurement of Health Inequalities
Expert Review and Proposals for Measurement of Health Inequalities in the European Union
Spinakis A, Anastasiou G, Panousis V, Spiliopoulos K, Palaiologou S, Yfantopoulos J
Full Report. (2011) European Commission
Directorate General for Health and Consumers. Luxembourg. ISBN 978-92-79-18528-1
Full Report available online PDF file [202p.] at: http://bit.ly/n9mSVI
Summary PDF file [39p.] at: http://bit.ly/pLATPK
“…..Monitoring of inequalities in health is an important public health task. Interest in health inequalities among EU countries and their regions as well as among the various social clusters in the EU population is growing.
The search for the best appropriate “summary measure” of health inequality that can be observed individually or in terms of groups of individuals, is a task that occupies a lot the researchers involved in the fields of inequality research.
Lately in the EU, it has been recognized that a more focused effort is required. It is more natural to suggest and construct methodologies or indices that will be suitable for assessing trends in terms of mortality, morbidity and also self-perceived health. The selection of an appropriate indicator or an appropriate measurement methodology for health inequality across the EU-27 countries is a demanding task. Each available indicator has advantages and disadvantages.
Simple indicators are usually comprehensive but may not have some specific desirable characteristics. Other indicators are more technical and difficult to understand, apply and/or interpret, but can assist more in explaining significant components of the concept “health inequality”. Complex indicators can also be very useful in the decomposition of inequality. Based on the above, it is reasonable to state that one main goal in the study of health inequalities is to,
- propose appropriate measurement methods in the form of indicators that “estimate” and “capture” the exact level of inequality in a population
(here the EU population).
The other very important goal of this study is to monitor the variation of health inequalities in all levels of analysis
(e.g. social groups, regions, individuals) through time. Thus, perform a trend analysis.
The main objective was to contribute in the area of “Monitoring Health Inequalities in the EU”, by combining the best practices in health inequalities measurement with the most reliable data that can be used to calculate these measures.
The specific tasks of the project were:
- the review and analysis of the existing work done in the measurement of health inequalities in the EU.
- the review and analysis of the existing and planned data sets available across the EU, with an assessment of their suitability for the purposes of the analysis.
Content:
Executive Summary
1.Introduction
2. Measurement of Health & Health inequalities in the EU – Conceptual framework
2.1 Health data - Health Indicators
2.2 What is Health Inequality?
2.3 Measurement of health inequality in the EU – A historical review
2.4 Inequality Indicators - Definitions & Classifications
3. Most suitable summary measures for monitoring health inequalities in the EU
3.1 Which indicators do we need? - What do we need to measure?
3.2 Inequalities in mortality across the EU area, regions and time
3.2.1 Proposed Indicators
3.2.2 Inequalities in the EU - Analysis of trends
3.3 Inequalities in Perceived Health Status and other Self Assessed Morbidity by SES groups in the EU
3.3.1 Proposed Indicators
3.3.2 Inequalities in the EU - Analysis of trends
3.4 Inequalities in Disability & Activity Limitations by SES groups in the EU
4. Concluding Remarks
Bibliography
ANNEX I: Index of Tables & Figures
ANNEX II: Tables
ANNEX III: Figures
ANNEX IV: Conceptual Framework to Measurement and Monitoring Health Inequalities
ANNEX V: Classification of Health Inequalities Measurement Techniques
ANNEX VI: Preliminary Evaluation of health Inequality Indicators & Desirable Properties
ANNEX VII: Health Inequalities Measurement by Social Groups - Core Social Variables
ANNEX VIII: EU Survey Tools & Questions
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
lunes, 22 de agosto de 2011
Complex problems require complex solutions: the utility of social quality theory for addressing the Social Determinants of Health
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 19 de agosto de 2011 12:14
asunto: [EQ] Complex problems require complex solutions: the utility of social quality theory for addressing the Social Determinants of Health
oculta
Complex problems require complex solutions:
the utility of social quality theory for addressing the Social Determinants of Health
Paul R Ward1, Samantha B Meyer 1, Fiona Verity2, Tiffany K Gill3, and Tini CN Luong1
1Discipline of Public Health, Flinders University, Australia
2Department of Social Work and Social Planning, Flinders University, Australia
3Population Research & Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
BMC Public Health 2011, 11:630 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-630 August 2011
Available online at: bit.ly/pMOKs3
“…….In order to improve the health of the most vulnerable groups in society, the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) called for multi-sectoral action, which requires research and policy on the multiple and inter-linking factors shaping health outcomes. Most conceptual tools available to researchers tend to focus on singular and specific social determinants of health (SDH) (e.g. social capital, empowerment, social inclusion).
However, a new and innovative conceptual framework, known as social quality theory, facilitates a more complex and complete understanding of the SDH, with its focus on four domains: social cohesion, social inclusion, social empowerment and socioeconomic security, all within the same conceptual framework. This paper provides both an overview of social quality theory in addition to findings from a national survey of social quality in Australia, as a means of demonstrating the operationalisation of the theory.
Methods
Data were collected using a national random postal survey of 1044 respondents in September, 2009. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted.
Results
Statistical analysis revealed that people on lower incomes (less than $45000) experience worse social quality across all of the four domains: lower socio-economic security, lower levels of membership of organisations (lower social cohesion), higher levels of discrimination and less political action (lower social inclusion) and lower social empowerment. The findings were mixed in terms of age, with people over 65 years experiencing lower socio-economic security, but having higher levels of social cohesion, experiencing lower levels of discrimination (higher social inclusion) and engaging in more political action (higher social empowerment). In terms of gender, women had higher social cohesion than men, although also experienced more discrimination (lower social inclusion).
Conclusions
Applying social quality theory allows researchers and policy makers to measure and respond to the multiple sources of oppression and advantage experienced by certain population groups, and to monitor the effectiveness of interventions over time…………”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 19 de agosto de 2011 12:14
asunto: [EQ] Complex problems require complex solutions: the utility of social quality theory for addressing the Social Determinants of Health
oculta
Complex problems require complex solutions:
the utility of social quality theory for addressing the Social Determinants of Health
Paul R Ward1, Samantha B Meyer 1, Fiona Verity2, Tiffany K Gill3, and Tini CN Luong1
1Discipline of Public Health, Flinders University, Australia
2Department of Social Work and Social Planning, Flinders University, Australia
3Population Research & Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
BMC Public Health 2011, 11:630 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-630 August 2011
Available online at: bit.ly/pMOKs3
“…….In order to improve the health of the most vulnerable groups in society, the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) called for multi-sectoral action, which requires research and policy on the multiple and inter-linking factors shaping health outcomes. Most conceptual tools available to researchers tend to focus on singular and specific social determinants of health (SDH) (e.g. social capital, empowerment, social inclusion).
However, a new and innovative conceptual framework, known as social quality theory, facilitates a more complex and complete understanding of the SDH, with its focus on four domains: social cohesion, social inclusion, social empowerment and socioeconomic security, all within the same conceptual framework. This paper provides both an overview of social quality theory in addition to findings from a national survey of social quality in Australia, as a means of demonstrating the operationalisation of the theory.
Methods
Data were collected using a national random postal survey of 1044 respondents in September, 2009. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted.
Results
Statistical analysis revealed that people on lower incomes (less than $45000) experience worse social quality across all of the four domains: lower socio-economic security, lower levels of membership of organisations (lower social cohesion), higher levels of discrimination and less political action (lower social inclusion) and lower social empowerment. The findings were mixed in terms of age, with people over 65 years experiencing lower socio-economic security, but having higher levels of social cohesion, experiencing lower levels of discrimination (higher social inclusion) and engaging in more political action (higher social empowerment). In terms of gender, women had higher social cohesion than men, although also experienced more discrimination (lower social inclusion).
Conclusions
Applying social quality theory allows researchers and policy makers to measure and respond to the multiple sources of oppression and advantage experienced by certain population groups, and to monitor the effectiveness of interventions over time…………”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
Health and Economic Development -Evidence from the Introduction of Public Health Care
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 19 de agosto de 2011 11:46
asunto: [EQ] Health and Economic Development -Evidence from the Introduction of Public Health Care
Health and Economic Development
Evidence from the Introduction of Public Health Care
Anthony Strittmatter, Uwe Sunde
University of St.Gallen, and Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg.
University of St. Gallen, IZA Bonn, and CEPR, London.
August 2011 Discussion Paper no. 2011-32
School of Economics and Political Science - Department of Economics - University of St. Gallen
Available online PDF [56p.] at: http://bit.ly/nUQoop
“…..This paper investigates the causal effect of changes in health on economic development using a long panel of European countries. Identification is based on the particular timing of the introduction of public health care systems in different countries, which is the random outcome of a political process. We document that the introduction of public health care systems had a significant immediate effect on the dynamics of infant mortality and crude death rates.
The findings suggest that a reduction in infant mortality or crude death rates exhibited a positive effect on growth in income per capita and increased population growth….”
“……This paper has applied a novel identification strategy based on the timing of the implementation of a universal public health system to estimate the causal effect of mortality changes on economic growth and population growth.
The results indicate that a reduction in mortality accelerates growth of income per capita and population size. The results reconcile earlier findings in the literature by documenting a positive effect of mortality reductions on growth based on an identification strategy that exploits within-country over-time variation, suggesting that the discrepancies in earlier findings might be the result of differences in sample composition, rather than identification method. Moreover, our results suggest that public health policy plays a potentially important role for economic development.
Naturally, there are caveats to our analysis that need to be taken into account when interpreting our results. First, the findings are based on a small sample, with the identifying variation stemming from European countries in the late 19th and early 20th Century. As in previous studies, sample composition might affect the generality and external validity of our results…………”
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 19 de agosto de 2011 11:46
asunto: [EQ] Health and Economic Development -Evidence from the Introduction of Public Health Care
Health and Economic Development
Evidence from the Introduction of Public Health Care
Anthony Strittmatter, Uwe Sunde
University of St.Gallen, and Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg.
University of St. Gallen, IZA Bonn, and CEPR, London.
August 2011 Discussion Paper no. 2011-32
School of Economics and Political Science - Department of Economics - University of St. Gallen
Available online PDF [56p.] at: http://bit.ly/nUQoop
“…..This paper investigates the causal effect of changes in health on economic development using a long panel of European countries. Identification is based on the particular timing of the introduction of public health care systems in different countries, which is the random outcome of a political process. We document that the introduction of public health care systems had a significant immediate effect on the dynamics of infant mortality and crude death rates.
The findings suggest that a reduction in infant mortality or crude death rates exhibited a positive effect on growth in income per capita and increased population growth….”
“……This paper has applied a novel identification strategy based on the timing of the implementation of a universal public health system to estimate the causal effect of mortality changes on economic growth and population growth.
The results indicate that a reduction in mortality accelerates growth of income per capita and population size. The results reconcile earlier findings in the literature by documenting a positive effect of mortality reductions on growth based on an identification strategy that exploits within-country over-time variation, suggesting that the discrepancies in earlier findings might be the result of differences in sample composition, rather than identification method. Moreover, our results suggest that public health policy plays a potentially important role for economic development.
Naturally, there are caveats to our analysis that need to be taken into account when interpreting our results. First, the findings are based on a small sample, with the identifying variation stemming from European countries in the late 19th and early 20th Century. As in previous studies, sample composition might affect the generality and external validity of our results…………”
* * *
Improving HIV data comparability in migrant populations and ethnic minorities - ECDC
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 07:56
asunto: [EQ] Improving HIV data comparability in migrant populations and ethnic minorities - ECDC
Migrant health series:
Improving HIV data comparability in migrant populations and ethnic minorities in EU/EEA/EFTA countries:
findings from a literature review and expert panel
ECDC European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2011
Available online PDF [90p.] at: http://bit.ly/pUGmZ3
The review was intended to:
• provide an overview of the current situation with respect to data on HIV in migrant and ethnic minority populations;
• identify gaps and methodological challenges; and
• propose ways in which data, and data comparability, might be improved in Europe.
Aimed at policymakers, programme managers, epidemiologists, researchers and others involved in migrant health,
this report is intended to inform future policy, research and practice. Section 2 provides the background to the
review, Section 3 documents the main findings, and Section 4 sets out the main conclusions and recommendations
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Migrant health
2.2 Gathering data on migration, on migrant health and on HIV among migrants
3 Key findings and issues
3.1 Analysis/overview of the literature on HIV and migration
4. Conclusions and suggestions
Annex 1. Bibliography
Annex 2. Definitions from international sources
Annex 3. Data and definitions from European sources
Annex 4. Summary of HIV-related studies of migrants and ethnic minorities in Europe
Annex 5. Report on the ECDC Workshop on Migration and HIV
Annex 6. Expert consultation questionnaire
Annex 7. Indicators related to migrants used in the ‘Monitoring the Dublin Declaration’ questionnaire to countries
Annex 8. Expert ranking of migration indicators for surveillance
Annex 9. Expert recommendations on indicators for research
HIV testing and counselling in migrant populations and ethnic minorities
in EU/EEA/EFTA Member States
Available online PDF [39p.] at: http://bit.ly/nfmqt9
“….The report is based on information gathered through a systematic review of the literature on HIV testing and counselling in these populations in high-income countries; a review of international and national policies and guidelines on HIV testing and counselling; a survey of EU, EEA and EFTA Member States; and individual interviews and group meetings with key government and non-government stakeholders.
It is organised in five sections:
• Section 1 briefly describes the review background and methodology.
• Section 2 summarises findings about HIV prevalence and risk factors in migrant populations and ethnic minorities.
• Section 3 overview of international, regional policies, guidelines/recommendations on HIV testing and counselling in migrant populations and ethnic minorities.
• Section 4 highlights challenges and barriers to HIV testing among migrant and ethnic minority populations.
• Section 5 outlines approaches to HIV testing in migrants and ethnic minorities. It also considers how to increase uptake of testing in these populations….”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 07:56
asunto: [EQ] Improving HIV data comparability in migrant populations and ethnic minorities - ECDC
Migrant health series:
Improving HIV data comparability in migrant populations and ethnic minorities in EU/EEA/EFTA countries:
findings from a literature review and expert panel
ECDC European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2011
Available online PDF [90p.] at: http://bit.ly/pUGmZ3
The review was intended to:
• provide an overview of the current situation with respect to data on HIV in migrant and ethnic minority populations;
• identify gaps and methodological challenges; and
• propose ways in which data, and data comparability, might be improved in Europe.
Aimed at policymakers, programme managers, epidemiologists, researchers and others involved in migrant health,
this report is intended to inform future policy, research and practice. Section 2 provides the background to the
review, Section 3 documents the main findings, and Section 4 sets out the main conclusions and recommendations
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Migrant health
2.2 Gathering data on migration, on migrant health and on HIV among migrants
3 Key findings and issues
3.1 Analysis/overview of the literature on HIV and migration
4. Conclusions and suggestions
Annex 1. Bibliography
Annex 2. Definitions from international sources
Annex 3. Data and definitions from European sources
Annex 4. Summary of HIV-related studies of migrants and ethnic minorities in Europe
Annex 5. Report on the ECDC Workshop on Migration and HIV
Annex 6. Expert consultation questionnaire
Annex 7. Indicators related to migrants used in the ‘Monitoring the Dublin Declaration’ questionnaire to countries
Annex 8. Expert ranking of migration indicators for surveillance
Annex 9. Expert recommendations on indicators for research
HIV testing and counselling in migrant populations and ethnic minorities
in EU/EEA/EFTA Member States
Available online PDF [39p.] at: http://bit.ly/nfmqt9
“….The report is based on information gathered through a systematic review of the literature on HIV testing and counselling in these populations in high-income countries; a review of international and national policies and guidelines on HIV testing and counselling; a survey of EU, EEA and EFTA Member States; and individual interviews and group meetings with key government and non-government stakeholders.
It is organised in five sections:
• Section 1 briefly describes the review background and methodology.
• Section 2 summarises findings about HIV prevalence and risk factors in migrant populations and ethnic minorities.
• Section 3 overview of international, regional policies, guidelines/recommendations on HIV testing and counselling in migrant populations and ethnic minorities.
• Section 4 highlights challenges and barriers to HIV testing among migrant and ethnic minority populations.
• Section 5 outlines approaches to HIV testing in migrants and ethnic minorities. It also considers how to increase uptake of testing in these populations….”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
UNODC and UNHABITAT release guidelines to help prevent crime in urban areas
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 08:31
asunto: [EQ] UNODC and UNHABITAT release guidelines to help prevent crime in urban areas
Introductory Handbook on Policing Urban Space
UNODC and UNHABITAT release guidelines to help prevent crime in urban areas
UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME (UNODC)
United Nations Human Setlements Programe (UN-Habitat )
20 August 2011
Available online PDF [118p.] at: http://bit.ly/qjGbp3
“………..While high-income cities have succeeded in controlling crime through the use of innovative techniques, low- and middle- level income countries particularly in Africa and Central America still grapple with the challenges. Urban governments in low- and middle-income countries have increasingly sought to apply the techniques in new contexts, with growing success.
Among the best practices highlighted in the handbook are:
state officials must establish links between police and other state institutions in order to effectively incorporate security concerns into wider government efforts; city planners should contribute to discussions about security and develop relations with police; and collaboration between urban planners, civil society, government officials, police and communities is essential in combating crime.
The handbook examines a variety of crime control strategies, including community-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing, intelligence-led policing, situational crime prevention and crime prevention through environmental design. It also addresses broader principles of managing urban spaces to control crime and strategies for evaluating crime control programmes.
The handbook includes references to efforts to control crime in the following countries: Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Mexico, South Africa, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America.
Related to the above publication,
UNODC has also released a Handbook on Police Accountability, Oversight and Integrity
The handbook aims to assist countries in their efforts to develop effective police oversight and accountability systems within the their law enforcement structures. Tasks that involve law enforcement require a high degree of integrity within police agencies. The handbook provides guidance on how to deal with complaints from the public regarding policing activities e.g. complaints on how investigations are handled, follow-ups by police officers etc.
While the handbook emphasizes that the key players in enhancing police accountability are police officers themselves, it also describes an integrated approach that involves different actors in this system including government representatives, the parliament, the judiciary, civil society, and independent oversight bodies such as national human rights institutions.
The handbook is one of the practical tools developed by UNODC to support countries in the implementation of the rule of law and in strengthening their criminal justice systems….”
Contents
Introduction
I. Context of urban policing in low- and middle-income countries
II. Policing in urban spaces and public places: current trends and practices
III. Improving the policing of urban spaces: different police strategies in different types of urban space
IV. Effective policing in public places
V. Improving policing practice, oversight and evaluation .
VI. Review of selected good practices in Africa and Latin America
VII. Role of the police in urban planning and management for safer urban spaces
VIII. Conclusions: key lessons on policing in urban space
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 08:31
asunto: [EQ] UNODC and UNHABITAT release guidelines to help prevent crime in urban areas
Introductory Handbook on Policing Urban Space
UNODC and UNHABITAT release guidelines to help prevent crime in urban areas
UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME (UNODC)
United Nations Human Setlements Programe (UN-Habitat )
20 August 2011
Available online PDF [118p.] at: http://bit.ly/qjGbp3
“………..While high-income cities have succeeded in controlling crime through the use of innovative techniques, low- and middle- level income countries particularly in Africa and Central America still grapple with the challenges. Urban governments in low- and middle-income countries have increasingly sought to apply the techniques in new contexts, with growing success.
Among the best practices highlighted in the handbook are:
state officials must establish links between police and other state institutions in order to effectively incorporate security concerns into wider government efforts; city planners should contribute to discussions about security and develop relations with police; and collaboration between urban planners, civil society, government officials, police and communities is essential in combating crime.
The handbook examines a variety of crime control strategies, including community-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing, intelligence-led policing, situational crime prevention and crime prevention through environmental design. It also addresses broader principles of managing urban spaces to control crime and strategies for evaluating crime control programmes.
The handbook includes references to efforts to control crime in the following countries: Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Mexico, South Africa, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America.
Related to the above publication,
UNODC has also released a Handbook on Police Accountability, Oversight and Integrity
The handbook aims to assist countries in their efforts to develop effective police oversight and accountability systems within the their law enforcement structures. Tasks that involve law enforcement require a high degree of integrity within police agencies. The handbook provides guidance on how to deal with complaints from the public regarding policing activities e.g. complaints on how investigations are handled, follow-ups by police officers etc.
While the handbook emphasizes that the key players in enhancing police accountability are police officers themselves, it also describes an integrated approach that involves different actors in this system including government representatives, the parliament, the judiciary, civil society, and independent oversight bodies such as national human rights institutions.
The handbook is one of the practical tools developed by UNODC to support countries in the implementation of the rule of law and in strengthening their criminal justice systems….”
Contents
Introduction
I. Context of urban policing in low- and middle-income countries
II. Policing in urban spaces and public places: current trends and practices
III. Improving the policing of urban spaces: different police strategies in different types of urban space
IV. Effective policing in public places
V. Improving policing practice, oversight and evaluation .
VI. Review of selected good practices in Africa and Latin America
VII. Role of the police in urban planning and management for safer urban spaces
VIII. Conclusions: key lessons on policing in urban space
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: Framing the Questions
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 08:37
asunto: [EQ] Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: Framing the Questions
Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research:
Framing the Questions
Kabir Sheikh1*, Lucy Gilson 2,3, Irene Akua Agyepong 4, Kara Hanson 3, Freddie Ssengooba 5, Sara Bennett 6
1 Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India, 2 School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 3 Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, 4 Ghana Health Service/University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana, 5 School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, 6 Health Systems Programme, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
PLoS Med 8(8): e1001073. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001073 - August 16, 2011
Available online at: bit.ly/pJvI6y
PLoS Medicine Series on HPSR
Following the First Global Symposium on Health Systems Research in Montreux in November 2010, PLoS Medicine commissioned three articles on the state-of-the-art in Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR).
Three Policy Forum articles, authored by a diverse group of global health academics, critically examine the current challenges to the field and lay out what is needed to build capacity in HPSR and support local policy development and health systems strengthening, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Paper 1.
Kabir Sheikh and colleagues. Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: Framing the Questions.
Paper 2.
Lucy Gilson and colleagues. Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: Social Science Matters.
Paper 3.
Sara Bennett and colleagues. Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: An Agenda for Action.
Summary Points
This is the first of a series of three papers addressing the current challenges and opportunities for the development of Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR). HPSR is a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary field identified by the topics and scope of questions asked rather than by methodology. The focus of discussion is HPSR in low- and middle-income countries.
Topics of research in HPSR include international, national, and local health systems and their interconnectivities, and policies made and implemented at all levels of the health system. Research questions in HPSR vary by the level of analysis (macro, meso, and micro) and intent of the question (normative/evaluative or exploratory/explanatory).
• Current heightened attention on HPSR contains significant opportunities, but also threats in the form of certain focus areas and questions being privileged over others; “disciplinary capture” of the field by the dominant health research traditions; and premature and inappropriately narrow definitions.
• We call for greater attention to fundamental, exploratory, and explanatory types of HPSR; to the significance of the field for societal and national development, necessitating HPSR capacity building in low- and middle-income countries; and for greater literacy and application of a wide spectrum of methodologies.
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 08:37
asunto: [EQ] Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: Framing the Questions
Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research:
Framing the Questions
Kabir Sheikh1*, Lucy Gilson 2,3, Irene Akua Agyepong 4, Kara Hanson 3, Freddie Ssengooba 5, Sara Bennett 6
1 Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India, 2 School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 3 Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, 4 Ghana Health Service/University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana, 5 School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, 6 Health Systems Programme, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
PLoS Med 8(8): e1001073. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001073 - August 16, 2011
Available online at: bit.ly/pJvI6y
PLoS Medicine Series on HPSR
Following the First Global Symposium on Health Systems Research in Montreux in November 2010, PLoS Medicine commissioned three articles on the state-of-the-art in Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR).
Three Policy Forum articles, authored by a diverse group of global health academics, critically examine the current challenges to the field and lay out what is needed to build capacity in HPSR and support local policy development and health systems strengthening, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Paper 1.
Kabir Sheikh and colleagues. Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: Framing the Questions.
Paper 2.
Lucy Gilson and colleagues. Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: Social Science Matters.
Paper 3.
Sara Bennett and colleagues. Building the Field of Health Policy and Systems Research: An Agenda for Action.
Summary Points
This is the first of a series of three papers addressing the current challenges and opportunities for the development of Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR). HPSR is a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary field identified by the topics and scope of questions asked rather than by methodology. The focus of discussion is HPSR in low- and middle-income countries.
Topics of research in HPSR include international, national, and local health systems and their interconnectivities, and policies made and implemented at all levels of the health system. Research questions in HPSR vary by the level of analysis (macro, meso, and micro) and intent of the question (normative/evaluative or exploratory/explanatory).
• Current heightened attention on HPSR contains significant opportunities, but also threats in the form of certain focus areas and questions being privileged over others; “disciplinary capture” of the field by the dominant health research traditions; and premature and inappropriately narrow definitions.
• We call for greater attention to fundamental, exploratory, and explanatory types of HPSR; to the significance of the field for societal and national development, necessitating HPSR capacity building in low- and middle-income countries; and for greater literacy and application of a wide spectrum of methodologies.
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
Tackling health inequalities in Norway: applying linear and non-linear models in the policy-making process
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 08:55
asunto: [EQ] Tackling health inequalities in Norway: applying linear and non-linear models in the policy-making process
Tackling health inequalities in Norway:
applying linear and non-linear models in the policy-making process
Mali Strand a & Elisabeth Fosse a
a Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Bergen,
Bergen, Norway - 24 Jun 2011
Critical Public Health, 21:3, 373-381
Website: http://bit.ly/n36Zd8
“…..This article follows the Norwegian policy-making process on social inequalities in health applying models for policy development with focus on linear and non-linear movements.
The focus is process-oriented following the introduction of a comprehensive, cross-sectoral strategy to tackle socioeconomic health inequalities in Norway. A case study design was selected and two theoretical frameworks have guided the research. Whitehead's model for health inequality intervention (2007) follows a linear theory-based logic, underpinning the idea that implicit or explicit theories or formulation of a distinct problem causally predicts design and outcome of policy programmes.
The second approach is based on Kingdon's (2003) perception that policy-making often occurs unpredictably within independent streams of the policy formulation process. The model focuses on the non-linearity of the flow and timing of policy action.
The present case suggests that both linear and non-linear models are necessary for understanding of the Norwegian policy-making process on social inequalities in health. Whitehead's model is a conceptual model focussing on the linear structure of the policy process, useful for identifying the different entry points for choice of direction in policy-making. Kingdon's multiple streams model is useful for gaining insight into the agenda-setting process that may be predictable, but may also be unpredictable and steer non-linear movements.
The model identifies components necessary for a problem to rise on the political agenda with a particular focus on the role of policy entrepreneurs….”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de agosto de 2011 08:55
asunto: [EQ] Tackling health inequalities in Norway: applying linear and non-linear models in the policy-making process
Tackling health inequalities in Norway:
applying linear and non-linear models in the policy-making process
Mali Strand a & Elisabeth Fosse a
a Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Bergen,
Bergen, Norway - 24 Jun 2011
Critical Public Health, 21:3, 373-381
Website: http://bit.ly/n36Zd8
“…..This article follows the Norwegian policy-making process on social inequalities in health applying models for policy development with focus on linear and non-linear movements.
The focus is process-oriented following the introduction of a comprehensive, cross-sectoral strategy to tackle socioeconomic health inequalities in Norway. A case study design was selected and two theoretical frameworks have guided the research. Whitehead's model for health inequality intervention (2007) follows a linear theory-based logic, underpinning the idea that implicit or explicit theories or formulation of a distinct problem causally predicts design and outcome of policy programmes.
The second approach is based on Kingdon's (2003) perception that policy-making often occurs unpredictably within independent streams of the policy formulation process. The model focuses on the non-linearity of the flow and timing of policy action.
The present case suggests that both linear and non-linear models are necessary for understanding of the Norwegian policy-making process on social inequalities in health. Whitehead's model is a conceptual model focussing on the linear structure of the policy process, useful for identifying the different entry points for choice of direction in policy-making. Kingdon's multiple streams model is useful for gaining insight into the agenda-setting process that may be predictable, but may also be unpredictable and steer non-linear movements.
The model identifies components necessary for a problem to rise on the political agenda with a particular focus on the role of policy entrepreneurs….”
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho
* * *
miércoles, 9 de marzo de 2011
A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 7 de marzo de 2011 17:19
asunto: [EQ] A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People
A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People
World Bank - Human Development Network - March 7, 2011
Website: http://bit.ly/hlqe2H
Chair: Cristian Baeza, Sector Director, HDNHE
Keynote Speaker: Hon Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health Dean and Former Minister of Health, Mexico
Respondent: Al-Karim Haji, Director General and CFO, The Aga Khan Univ.
Panel:
Harvey V. Fineberg, President, Institute of Medicine
Jeffrey L. Sturchio, President and CEO, Global Health Council
Wrap Up:
Alexander S. Preker, Head of Health Industry Group, CICHE
Hope Sukin, HealthTeam Leader, Office of Sustainable Deve., Bureau for Africa, USAID
“….The first decade of the 21st Century ended with a much improved understanding about the health threats facing developing countries as well as innovative and affordable technologies to address them. Despite the financial crisis and economic downturn, global health expenditure has continued to grown rapidly during the past decade both in terms of domestic and donor funding.
The binding constraint to further advances is no longer money or knowledge. It is the lack of people. Hon Julio Frenk will present their vision on these issues and discuss recommendations by the "Global Independent Commission" that he recently chaired in commemoration of the centenary of the Flexner Report….”
Link to the book:
Health Professionals for a New Century: Transforming Education to Strengthen Health Systems in an Interdependent World
http://bit.ly/edUAoJ
Presentation:
A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People – Julio Frenk http://bit.ly/gBmzPE
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 7 de marzo de 2011 17:19
asunto: [EQ] A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People
A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People
World Bank - Human Development Network - March 7, 2011
Website: http://bit.ly/hlqe2H
Chair: Cristian Baeza, Sector Director, HDNHE
Keynote Speaker: Hon Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health Dean and Former Minister of Health, Mexico
Respondent: Al-Karim Haji, Director General and CFO, The Aga Khan Univ.
Panel:
Harvey V. Fineberg, President, Institute of Medicine
Jeffrey L. Sturchio, President and CEO, Global Health Council
Wrap Up:
Alexander S. Preker, Head of Health Industry Group, CICHE
Hope Sukin, HealthTeam Leader, Office of Sustainable Deve., Bureau for Africa, USAID
“….The first decade of the 21st Century ended with a much improved understanding about the health threats facing developing countries as well as innovative and affordable technologies to address them. Despite the financial crisis and economic downturn, global health expenditure has continued to grown rapidly during the past decade both in terms of domestic and donor funding.
The binding constraint to further advances is no longer money or knowledge. It is the lack of people. Hon Julio Frenk will present their vision on these issues and discuss recommendations by the "Global Independent Commission" that he recently chaired in commemoration of the centenary of the Flexner Report….”
Link to the book:
Health Professionals for a New Century: Transforming Education to Strengthen Health Systems in an Interdependent World
http://bit.ly/edUAoJ
Presentation:
A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People – Julio Frenk http://bit.ly/gBmzPE
* * *
FAO: The State of Food and Agriculture 2010-2011 - Women in Agriculture Closing the gender gap for development
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 7 de marzo de 2011 17:37
asunto: [EQ] FAO: The State of Food and Agriculture 2010-2011 - Women in Agriculture Closing the gender gap for development
The State of Food and Agriculture 2010-2011
Women in Agriculture -Closing the gender gap for development
Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO- Rome, Italy
Available online at: http://bit.ly/hXj1zu
“…..This edition of The State of Food and Agriculture addresses Women in agriculture: closing the gender gap for development. The agriculture sector is underperforming in many developing countries, and one of the key reasons is that women do not have equal access to the resources and opportunities they need to be more productive. This report clearly confirms that the Millennium Development Goals on gender equality (MDG 3) and poverty and food security (MDG 1) are mutually reinforcing.
“……Women make crucial contributions in agriculture and rural enterprises in all developing country regions, as farmers, workers and entrepreneurs. Their roles vary across regions but, everywhere, women face gender-specific constraints that reduce their productivity and limit their contributions to agricultural production, economic growth and the well-being of their families, communities and countries.
Women face a serious gender gap in access to productive resources. Women control less land than men and the land they control is often of poorer quality and their tenure is insecure. Women own fewer of the working animals needed in farming.
They also frequently do not control the income from the typically small animals they manage. Women farmers are less likely than men to use modern inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizers, pest control measures and mechanical tools. They also use less credit and often do not control the credit they obtain.
Finally, women have less education and less access to extension services, which make it more difficult to gain access to and use some of the other resources, such as land, credit and fertilizer. These factors also prevent women from adopting new technologies as readily as men do. The constraints women face are often interrelated and need to be addressed holistically….”
Contents
PART I - Women in agriculture: closing the gender gap for development
1. The gender gap in agriculture
Structure of the report and key messages
Key messages of the report
2. Women’s work
Women in agriculture
Women in rural labour markets
3. Documenting the gender gap in agriculture
Land
Livestock
Farm labour
Education
Information and extension
Financial services
Technology
4. Gains from closing the gender gap
Productivity of male and female farmers
Production gains from closing the gender gap
Other social and economic benefits of closing the gender gap
5. Closing the gender gap in agriculture and rural employment
Closing the gap in access to land
Closing the gap in rural labour markets
Closing the financial services gap
Closing the gap in social capital through women’s groups
Closing the technology gap
6. Closing the gender gap for development
PART II - World food and agriculture in review
Trends in undernourishment
Food production, consumption and trade during the crises
Recent trends in agricultural prices: a higher price plateau, and greater price volatility
Conclusions
PART III - Statistical annex
Notes on the Annex tables
Table A1 Total population, female share of population and rural share of population in 1980, 1995 and 2010
Table A2 Female share of national, rural and urban population aged 15–49, most recent and earliest observations
Table A3 Economically active population, female share of economically active population and agricultural share of economically active women in 1980, 1995 and 2010
Table A4 Economically active population, agricultural share of economically active population and female share of economically active in agriculture in 1980, 1995 and 2010
Table A5 Share of households in rural areas that are female-headed, most recent and earliest observations, and total agricultural holders and female share of agricultural holders, most recent observation
Table A6 Share of adult population with chronic energy deficiency (CED – body mass index less than 18.5) by sex and share of children underweight by sex, residence and household wealth quintile, most recent observations
References
Special chapters of The State of Food and Agriculture
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 7 de marzo de 2011 17:37
asunto: [EQ] FAO: The State of Food and Agriculture 2010-2011 - Women in Agriculture Closing the gender gap for development
The State of Food and Agriculture 2010-2011
Women in Agriculture -Closing the gender gap for development
Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO- Rome, Italy
Available online at: http://bit.ly/hXj1zu
“…..This edition of The State of Food and Agriculture addresses Women in agriculture: closing the gender gap for development. The agriculture sector is underperforming in many developing countries, and one of the key reasons is that women do not have equal access to the resources and opportunities they need to be more productive. This report clearly confirms that the Millennium Development Goals on gender equality (MDG 3) and poverty and food security (MDG 1) are mutually reinforcing.
“……Women make crucial contributions in agriculture and rural enterprises in all developing country regions, as farmers, workers and entrepreneurs. Their roles vary across regions but, everywhere, women face gender-specific constraints that reduce their productivity and limit their contributions to agricultural production, economic growth and the well-being of their families, communities and countries.
Women face a serious gender gap in access to productive resources. Women control less land than men and the land they control is often of poorer quality and their tenure is insecure. Women own fewer of the working animals needed in farming.
They also frequently do not control the income from the typically small animals they manage. Women farmers are less likely than men to use modern inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizers, pest control measures and mechanical tools. They also use less credit and often do not control the credit they obtain.
Finally, women have less education and less access to extension services, which make it more difficult to gain access to and use some of the other resources, such as land, credit and fertilizer. These factors also prevent women from adopting new technologies as readily as men do. The constraints women face are often interrelated and need to be addressed holistically….”
Contents
PART I - Women in agriculture: closing the gender gap for development
1. The gender gap in agriculture
Structure of the report and key messages
Key messages of the report
2. Women’s work
Women in agriculture
Women in rural labour markets
3. Documenting the gender gap in agriculture
Land
Livestock
Farm labour
Education
Information and extension
Financial services
Technology
4. Gains from closing the gender gap
Productivity of male and female farmers
Production gains from closing the gender gap
Other social and economic benefits of closing the gender gap
5. Closing the gender gap in agriculture and rural employment
Closing the gap in access to land
Closing the gap in rural labour markets
Closing the financial services gap
Closing the gap in social capital through women’s groups
Closing the technology gap
6. Closing the gender gap for development
PART II - World food and agriculture in review
Trends in undernourishment
Food production, consumption and trade during the crises
Recent trends in agricultural prices: a higher price plateau, and greater price volatility
Conclusions
PART III - Statistical annex
Notes on the Annex tables
Table A1 Total population, female share of population and rural share of population in 1980, 1995 and 2010
Table A2 Female share of national, rural and urban population aged 15–49, most recent and earliest observations
Table A3 Economically active population, female share of economically active population and agricultural share of economically active women in 1980, 1995 and 2010
Table A4 Economically active population, agricultural share of economically active population and female share of economically active in agriculture in 1980, 1995 and 2010
Table A5 Share of households in rural areas that are female-headed, most recent and earliest observations, and total agricultural holders and female share of agricultural holders, most recent observation
Table A6 Share of adult population with chronic energy deficiency (CED – body mass index less than 18.5) by sex and share of children underweight by sex, residence and household wealth quintile, most recent observations
References
Special chapters of The State of Food and Agriculture
* * *
Call for Papers - Assets for Health and Wellbeing across the life course
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 10:15
asunto: [EQ] Call for Papers - Assets for Health and Wellbeing across the life course
Call for Papers
Assets for Health and Wellbeing across the life course
International Conference 2011 - 26th and 27th September
British Library Conference Centre, London
Second International Symposium on: Health Assets in a Global Context: Theory Methods Actions
A series of events to translate the asset model into policy, research and practice.
Website: http://bit.ly/dMKoF8
“……Asset based approaches are concerned with identifying the protective factors that create health and well-being. They offer the potential to enhance both the quality and longevity of life through focusing on the resources that promote the self-esteem and coping abilities of individuals and communities.
Drawing on concepts that include salutogensis, resilience and social capital, asset approaches create the potential for unlocking some of the existing barriers to effective action on health inequities, so far characterised by more risk-based or deficit approaches.
Following the successful first symposium, held in Seville 2010, which focused on young people and youth health, the aim of this conference is to increase the dialogue between public health, health policy, health practitioners, commissioners, social care, the voluntary sector and the research community on key issues relating to health assets across the life course.
Contributions are particularly welcomed that address the following themes:
Theory - Research - Measurement and evaluation - Mapping of assets - Policy and action
Potential contributors should submit an abstract of maximum 250 words for either a parallel paper session, poster or workshop by
Friday 8th April 2011.
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 10:15
asunto: [EQ] Call for Papers - Assets for Health and Wellbeing across the life course
Call for Papers
Assets for Health and Wellbeing across the life course
International Conference 2011 - 26th and 27th September
British Library Conference Centre, London
Second International Symposium on: Health Assets in a Global Context: Theory Methods Actions
A series of events to translate the asset model into policy, research and practice.
Website: http://bit.ly/dMKoF8
“……Asset based approaches are concerned with identifying the protective factors that create health and well-being. They offer the potential to enhance both the quality and longevity of life through focusing on the resources that promote the self-esteem and coping abilities of individuals and communities.
Drawing on concepts that include salutogensis, resilience and social capital, asset approaches create the potential for unlocking some of the existing barriers to effective action on health inequities, so far characterised by more risk-based or deficit approaches.
Following the successful first symposium, held in Seville 2010, which focused on young people and youth health, the aim of this conference is to increase the dialogue between public health, health policy, health practitioners, commissioners, social care, the voluntary sector and the research community on key issues relating to health assets across the life course.
Contributions are particularly welcomed that address the following themes:
Theory - Research - Measurement and evaluation - Mapping of assets - Policy and action
Potential contributors should submit an abstract of maximum 250 words for either a parallel paper session, poster or workshop by
Friday 8th April 2011.
* * *
Towards Evidence-Driven Policy Design: Complex Adaptive Systems and Computational Modeling
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) :ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 10:19
asunto: [EQ] Towards Evidence-Driven Policy Design: Complex Adaptive Systems and Computational Modeling
Towards Evidence-Driven Policy Design: Complex Adaptive Systems and Computational Modeling
Kevin C. Desouza, Associate Professor The Information School Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs, Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Washington
Yuan Lin, The Information School University of Washington
The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Volume 16(1), 2011, Article 7
Available online PDF [19p] at: http://bit.ly/dHjSp0
“…….Efforts to design public policies for social systems tend to confront highly complex conditions which have a large number of potentially relevant factors to be considered and rapidly changing conditions where continuous adaptation delays or obscures the effect of policies.
Given unresolvable uncertainty in policy outcomes, the optimal solution is difficult, if ever possible, to nail down. It is more reasonable to choose a solution that is robust to as many future scenarios that might ensue from the decision.
Arriving at such a solution requires policy makers to actively explore and exploit rich information to support their decision making in a cost-efficient, yet rigorous manner. We name this new working style as evidence-driven policy design and outline the characteristics of favorable evidence. We then argue that computational modeling is a potential tool for implementing evidence-driven policy design. It helps the study and design of solutions by simulating various environments, interventions, and the processes in which certain outcomes emerge from the decisions of policy makers. It allows policy makers to observe both the intended and, equally important, unintended consequences of policy alternatives. It also facilitates communication and consensus-building among policy makers and diverse stakeholders….”
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 10:19
asunto: [EQ] Towards Evidence-Driven Policy Design: Complex Adaptive Systems and Computational Modeling
Towards Evidence-Driven Policy Design: Complex Adaptive Systems and Computational Modeling
Kevin C. Desouza, Associate Professor The Information School Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs, Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Washington
Yuan Lin, The Information School University of Washington
The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Volume 16(1), 2011, Article 7
Available online PDF [19p] at: http://bit.ly/dHjSp0
“…….Efforts to design public policies for social systems tend to confront highly complex conditions which have a large number of potentially relevant factors to be considered and rapidly changing conditions where continuous adaptation delays or obscures the effect of policies.
Given unresolvable uncertainty in policy outcomes, the optimal solution is difficult, if ever possible, to nail down. It is more reasonable to choose a solution that is robust to as many future scenarios that might ensue from the decision.
Arriving at such a solution requires policy makers to actively explore and exploit rich information to support their decision making in a cost-efficient, yet rigorous manner. We name this new working style as evidence-driven policy design and outline the characteristics of favorable evidence. We then argue that computational modeling is a potential tool for implementing evidence-driven policy design. It helps the study and design of solutions by simulating various environments, interventions, and the processes in which certain outcomes emerge from the decisions of policy makers. It allows policy makers to observe both the intended and, equally important, unintended consequences of policy alternatives. It also facilitates communication and consensus-building among policy makers and diverse stakeholders….”
* * *
Improving Primary Health Care for All Australians
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 10:27
asunto: [EQ] Improving Primary Health Care for All Australians
Improving Primary Health Care for All Australians
Commonwealth of Australia 2011
Available online PDF [16p.] at: http://bit.ly/eomeAZ
“….Under National Health Reform, the Commonwealth Government is aiming to shift the centre of gravity of the health system from hospitals to primary health care. This booklet explains why primary health care is important; why it needs to be improved and what the changes will mean. It also provides further details on Medicare Locals, and their central role in improving the primary health care system….”
Table of contents
§ Introduction
§ Why we need to improve primary health care
§ How we are improving primary health care
§ The right workforce to provide the care patients need
§ The right infrastructure to support the best care
§ Identifying and addressing gaps in local services
§ Making the system work for patients and providers
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 10:27
asunto: [EQ] Improving Primary Health Care for All Australians
Improving Primary Health Care for All Australians
Commonwealth of Australia 2011
Available online PDF [16p.] at: http://bit.ly/eomeAZ
“….Under National Health Reform, the Commonwealth Government is aiming to shift the centre of gravity of the health system from hospitals to primary health care. This booklet explains why primary health care is important; why it needs to be improved and what the changes will mean. It also provides further details on Medicare Locals, and their central role in improving the primary health care system….”
Table of contents
§ Introduction
§ Why we need to improve primary health care
§ How we are improving primary health care
§ The right workforce to provide the care patients need
§ The right infrastructure to support the best care
§ Identifying and addressing gaps in local services
§ Making the system work for patients and providers
* * *
Urban Physical Environments and Health Inequalities
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) :ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 16:14
asunto: [EQ] Urban Physical Environments and Health Inequalities
Urban Physical Environments and Health Inequalities
The Canadian Population Health Initiative (CPHI), March 8, 2011
Available online PDF [85p.] at: http://bit.ly/eWXRpw
“…..This report explores two aspects of the urban physical environment known to negatively affect health: outdoor air pollution and heat extremes. This report shows that those who are already more vulnerable to poor health may be at increased risk of being exposed to the effects of air pollution and heat extremes because of the areas in which they live.
The literature review and new analyses examine hospitalization rates for respiratory and circulatory diseases in relation to residential distance from a pollution-emitting facility and use Toronto and Montréal as case studies to explore the relationship between heat extremes and hospitalizations for respiratory and circulatory diseases. ….”
Table of Contents
Project Team
Executive Summary
Introduction
How Is This Report Organized?
Who Is This Report For?
Notes on Terminology and Methodology
Outdoor Air Pollution, Socio-Economic Status and Health Inequalities
Chapter Overview .
Sources of Air Pollution in Urban Environments
Distribution of Sources of Outdoor Air Pollution in Relation to Area Socio-Economic Status .
Outdoor Air Pollution and Health Inequalities .
Chapter Summary and Key Messages
Heat Extremes, Socio-Economic Status and Health Inequalities .
Chapter Overview
Factors Contributing to Vulnerability During Heat Extremes
Heat and the Urban Physical Environment
Mitigating Strategie
Chapter Summary and Key Messages
Conclusions
Limitations and Directions for Future Research
Upcoming Work on the Urban Physical Environment and Health Inequalities
Companion Products
· Summary (PDF 148 Kb)
· Maps (ZIP 37,758 Kb)
· Literature Search Methodology Paper (PDF 414 Kb)
· Data and Analysis Methodology (PDF 1,893 Kb)
· Presentation (Power Point 7,005 Kb)
Media Advisory
· Canadians in poorest areas more likely to face effects of outdoor air pollution and extreme heat
Series Urban Physical Environments and Health Inequalities
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de marzo de 2011 16:14
asunto: [EQ] Urban Physical Environments and Health Inequalities
Urban Physical Environments and Health Inequalities
The Canadian Population Health Initiative (CPHI), March 8, 2011
Available online PDF [85p.] at: http://bit.ly/eWXRpw
“…..This report explores two aspects of the urban physical environment known to negatively affect health: outdoor air pollution and heat extremes. This report shows that those who are already more vulnerable to poor health may be at increased risk of being exposed to the effects of air pollution and heat extremes because of the areas in which they live.
The literature review and new analyses examine hospitalization rates for respiratory and circulatory diseases in relation to residential distance from a pollution-emitting facility and use Toronto and Montréal as case studies to explore the relationship between heat extremes and hospitalizations for respiratory and circulatory diseases. ….”
Table of Contents
Project Team
Executive Summary
Introduction
How Is This Report Organized?
Who Is This Report For?
Notes on Terminology and Methodology
Outdoor Air Pollution, Socio-Economic Status and Health Inequalities
Chapter Overview .
Sources of Air Pollution in Urban Environments
Distribution of Sources of Outdoor Air Pollution in Relation to Area Socio-Economic Status .
Outdoor Air Pollution and Health Inequalities .
Chapter Summary and Key Messages
Heat Extremes, Socio-Economic Status and Health Inequalities .
Chapter Overview
Factors Contributing to Vulnerability During Heat Extremes
Heat and the Urban Physical Environment
Mitigating Strategie
Chapter Summary and Key Messages
Conclusions
Limitations and Directions for Future Research
Upcoming Work on the Urban Physical Environment and Health Inequalities
Companion Products
· Summary (PDF 148 Kb)
· Maps (ZIP 37,758 Kb)
· Literature Search Methodology Paper (PDF 414 Kb)
· Data and Analysis Methodology (PDF 1,893 Kb)
· Presentation (Power Point 7,005 Kb)
Media Advisory
· Canadians in poorest areas more likely to face effects of outdoor air pollution and extreme heat
Series Urban Physical Environments and Health Inequalities
* * *
Natural Disasters: What is the Role for Social Safety Nets?
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 9 de marzo de 2011 10:05
asunto: [EQ] Natural Disasters: What is the Role for Social Safety Nets?
Natural Disasters: What is the Role for Social Safety Nets?
Larissa Pelham, Edward Clay, Tim Braunholz
February 2011- Discussion Paper No. 1102
Social Protection and Labor – The World Bank
Available online PDF [148p.] at: http://bit.ly/dStDzX
“…..This paper makes the case for why safety nets are an important tool for managing the risk of natural hazards. The use of safety nets is advocated both ex ante, to prevent and mitigate the impact of natural disaster and ex post, to cope with the impacts of natural shocks.
Firstly, the paper explores the implications of contextual factors to be taken into account in the design of an effective safety net system to respond to the needs generated by natural disasters. Learning from the responses to a number of recent natural disasters, a typology of the different types of natural hazards which require different approaches to reduce their risk is introduced.
Secondly, the paper considers some “guidelines” for improving the design and implementation of safety nets either to prevent and/or to recover from natural disasters.
Finally, some conclusions and recommendations for more effective safety net and suggestions for addressing key issues are outlined…….”
Table of Contents
SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THE ROLE OF SOCIAL PROTECTION IN RESPONDING TO NATURAL DISASTERS
3 THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING THE PRE-EXISTING CONTEXT: LESSONS LEARNED
3.1 DEFINING THE NARRATIVE
3.2 THE POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT
3.3 THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT
3.4 THE SOCIAL CONTEXT
3.5 FULL INFORMATION: DATA COLLECTION AND EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS
3.6 THE POLICY ARENA AND INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT
4 EX ANTE PREPAREDNESS
4.1 FLOOD AND CYCLONE RESPONSE IN BANGLADESH: THE IMPORTANCE OF AN EX ANTE DISASTER RISK RESPONSE STRATEGY
4.2 SCALING UP SAFETY NETS IN ETHIOPIA
4.3 IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EX ANTE: LESSONS LEARNED
5 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
5.1 SELECTING THE IMPLEMENTING AGENT
5.2 CHOOSING THE TYPE OF INSTRUMENT
5.2.1 Cash, in-kind or vouchers?
5.2.2 Public works/workfare and other conditional transfers
5.3 ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE GROUPS AND THE COMMUNITY
5.4 TARGETING
5.5 SIZE, FREQUENCY OF THE TRANSFER AND DELIVERY
5.6 INSTITUTIONAL MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION
5.7 FROM DEVELOPMENT TO RELIEF TO RECOVERY
5.7.1 Planning
5.7.2 Scaling up and the transition from short- to long-term assistance
5.7.3 Military disengagement and foreign assistance
5.8 FINANCING
5.8.1 Social funds
5.8.2 National Disaster Management Funds
5.8.3 Private sector financing and other mechanisms
5.8.4 Multilateral donor funds
5.9 THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
6 CONCLUSION
6.1 WHY SAFETY NETS FOR RESPONDING TO NATURAL DISASTERS?
6.2 KEY ISSUES TO APPROACH, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT SAFETY NETS FOR NATURAL DISASTERS
6.3 KEY ISSUES FOR THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SAFETY NETS FOR NATURAL DISASTERS
REFERENCES
ANNEX I CASE STUDIES
AI.1 BANGLADESH: CYCLONE SIDR, NOVEMBER 2007
AI.2 ETHIOPIA: THE 2008 FOOD EMERGENCY
AI.3 PAKISTAN: EARTHQUAKE, OCTOBER 2005
AI.4 INDONESIA: TSUNAMI, DECEMBER 2004
AI.5 NIGER: DROUGHT AND FOOD CRISIS, 2005
ANNEX II TARGETING MECHANISMS: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
ANNEX III SUMMARY OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
ANNEX IV PROFILES OF SAFETY NETS FOR NATURAL DISASTERS, 2000-2008
ANNEX V SOME GUIDANCE FOR IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EX ANTE
ANNEX VI LESSONS LEARNED: CONTEXTUAL ISSUES
ANNEX VII SUMMARY OF SAFETY NET DESIGN ISSUES
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 9 de marzo de 2011 10:05
asunto: [EQ] Natural Disasters: What is the Role for Social Safety Nets?
Natural Disasters: What is the Role for Social Safety Nets?
Larissa Pelham, Edward Clay, Tim Braunholz
February 2011- Discussion Paper No. 1102
Social Protection and Labor – The World Bank
Available online PDF [148p.] at: http://bit.ly/dStDzX
“…..This paper makes the case for why safety nets are an important tool for managing the risk of natural hazards. The use of safety nets is advocated both ex ante, to prevent and mitigate the impact of natural disaster and ex post, to cope with the impacts of natural shocks.
Firstly, the paper explores the implications of contextual factors to be taken into account in the design of an effective safety net system to respond to the needs generated by natural disasters. Learning from the responses to a number of recent natural disasters, a typology of the different types of natural hazards which require different approaches to reduce their risk is introduced.
Secondly, the paper considers some “guidelines” for improving the design and implementation of safety nets either to prevent and/or to recover from natural disasters.
Finally, some conclusions and recommendations for more effective safety net and suggestions for addressing key issues are outlined…….”
Table of Contents
SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THE ROLE OF SOCIAL PROTECTION IN RESPONDING TO NATURAL DISASTERS
3 THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING THE PRE-EXISTING CONTEXT: LESSONS LEARNED
3.1 DEFINING THE NARRATIVE
3.2 THE POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT
3.3 THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT
3.4 THE SOCIAL CONTEXT
3.5 FULL INFORMATION: DATA COLLECTION AND EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS
3.6 THE POLICY ARENA AND INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT
4 EX ANTE PREPAREDNESS
4.1 FLOOD AND CYCLONE RESPONSE IN BANGLADESH: THE IMPORTANCE OF AN EX ANTE DISASTER RISK RESPONSE STRATEGY
4.2 SCALING UP SAFETY NETS IN ETHIOPIA
4.3 IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EX ANTE: LESSONS LEARNED
5 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
5.1 SELECTING THE IMPLEMENTING AGENT
5.2 CHOOSING THE TYPE OF INSTRUMENT
5.2.1 Cash, in-kind or vouchers?
5.2.2 Public works/workfare and other conditional transfers
5.3 ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE GROUPS AND THE COMMUNITY
5.4 TARGETING
5.5 SIZE, FREQUENCY OF THE TRANSFER AND DELIVERY
5.6 INSTITUTIONAL MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION
5.7 FROM DEVELOPMENT TO RELIEF TO RECOVERY
5.7.1 Planning
5.7.2 Scaling up and the transition from short- to long-term assistance
5.7.3 Military disengagement and foreign assistance
5.8 FINANCING
5.8.1 Social funds
5.8.2 National Disaster Management Funds
5.8.3 Private sector financing and other mechanisms
5.8.4 Multilateral donor funds
5.9 THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
6 CONCLUSION
6.1 WHY SAFETY NETS FOR RESPONDING TO NATURAL DISASTERS?
6.2 KEY ISSUES TO APPROACH, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT SAFETY NETS FOR NATURAL DISASTERS
6.3 KEY ISSUES FOR THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SAFETY NETS FOR NATURAL DISASTERS
REFERENCES
ANNEX I CASE STUDIES
AI.1 BANGLADESH: CYCLONE SIDR, NOVEMBER 2007
AI.2 ETHIOPIA: THE 2008 FOOD EMERGENCY
AI.3 PAKISTAN: EARTHQUAKE, OCTOBER 2005
AI.4 INDONESIA: TSUNAMI, DECEMBER 2004
AI.5 NIGER: DROUGHT AND FOOD CRISIS, 2005
ANNEX II TARGETING MECHANISMS: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
ANNEX III SUMMARY OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
ANNEX IV PROFILES OF SAFETY NETS FOR NATURAL DISASTERS, 2000-2008
ANNEX V SOME GUIDANCE FOR IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EX ANTE
ANNEX VI LESSONS LEARNED: CONTEXTUAL ISSUES
ANNEX VII SUMMARY OF SAFETY NET DESIGN ISSUES
* * *
European Health Policy Forum - Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services: A Framework for Action
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 9 de marzo de 2011 10:31
asunto: [EQ] European Health Policy Forum - Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services: A Framework for Action
First meeting of the European Health Policy Forum for High-Level Government Officials
Andorra la Vella, Andorra, 9–11 March 2011
Website: http://bit.ly/i040un
The objectives of the meeting are:
•to define how the Forum can support the Health 2020 process;
•to present the overall purpose, key objectives and process of Health 2020;
•to garner advice on specific issues, including: the European action plan for noncommunicable diseases, the plan to strengthen public health capacity and services in Europe, governance and intersectoral action;
•to share experiences and strategies in implementing the Tallinn Charter: Health Systems for Health and Wealth, and assess the progress made so far.
Related Documents:
Developing the new European policy for health – Health 2020
http://bit.ly/edpJGV
To consider the importance of adopting a “whole of government” approach to governance for health and health equity and a strengthened capacity of ministries of health to lead intersectoral policy processes and advocate for health equity in all policies; and • the need to create a movement for health and wellbeing, inspired by Health 2020, through a truly participatory process that will engage and connect with decision-makers and professionals at all levels, as well as with civil society
Interim report on implementation of the Tallinn Charter
http://bit.ly/ihyiT9
assessing health system performance as a way of improving governance and accountability (chapter III); (ii) ensuring solidarity and health gain in times of financial crisis (chapter IV); and (iii) strengthening health systems impact through leadership of intersectoral action to improve health (chapter V). Chapter VI concludes the report, and offers perspectives on the lessons learned.
Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services in Europe: A Framework for Action
http://bit.ly/gp2yr9
The paper proposes a set of ten horizontal essential public health operations (EPHOs), and sets out the core public health services within each of them. These will become the unifying and guiding principles for any European health authorities monitoring, evaluating or setting policies, strategies and actions for reforms and improvement in public health. The paper highlights the major avenues that the WHO Regional Office for Europe intends to take in order to tackle public health and health system challenges. It concludes by proposing specific actions and measures to move towards the attainment of the objectives set.
Assessing System Performance for Health Governance
http://bit.ly/ghVDMC
Present initiatives which address the whole of the health system as scope of analysis (at the national, subnational or local level) and discuss how such approaches might support effective governance for better health outcomes
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 9 de marzo de 2011 10:31
asunto: [EQ] European Health Policy Forum - Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services: A Framework for Action
First meeting of the European Health Policy Forum for High-Level Government Officials
Andorra la Vella, Andorra, 9–11 March 2011
Website: http://bit.ly/i040un
The objectives of the meeting are:
•to define how the Forum can support the Health 2020 process;
•to present the overall purpose, key objectives and process of Health 2020;
•to garner advice on specific issues, including: the European action plan for noncommunicable diseases, the plan to strengthen public health capacity and services in Europe, governance and intersectoral action;
•to share experiences and strategies in implementing the Tallinn Charter: Health Systems for Health and Wealth, and assess the progress made so far.
Related Documents:
Developing the new European policy for health – Health 2020
http://bit.ly/edpJGV
To consider the importance of adopting a “whole of government” approach to governance for health and health equity and a strengthened capacity of ministries of health to lead intersectoral policy processes and advocate for health equity in all policies; and • the need to create a movement for health and wellbeing, inspired by Health 2020, through a truly participatory process that will engage and connect with decision-makers and professionals at all levels, as well as with civil society
Interim report on implementation of the Tallinn Charter
http://bit.ly/ihyiT9
assessing health system performance as a way of improving governance and accountability (chapter III); (ii) ensuring solidarity and health gain in times of financial crisis (chapter IV); and (iii) strengthening health systems impact through leadership of intersectoral action to improve health (chapter V). Chapter VI concludes the report, and offers perspectives on the lessons learned.
Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services in Europe: A Framework for Action
http://bit.ly/gp2yr9
The paper proposes a set of ten horizontal essential public health operations (EPHOs), and sets out the core public health services within each of them. These will become the unifying and guiding principles for any European health authorities monitoring, evaluating or setting policies, strategies and actions for reforms and improvement in public health. The paper highlights the major avenues that the WHO Regional Office for Europe intends to take in order to tackle public health and health system challenges. It concludes by proposing specific actions and measures to move towards the attainment of the objectives set.
Assessing System Performance for Health Governance
http://bit.ly/ghVDMC
Present initiatives which address the whole of the health system as scope of analysis (at the national, subnational or local level) and discuss how such approaches might support effective governance for better health outcomes
* * *
Addressing Systemic Challenges to Social Inclusion in Health Care
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 9 de marzo de 2011 09:42
asunto: [EQ] Addressing Systemic Challenges to Social Inclusion in Health Care
Addressing Systemic Challenges to Social Inclusion in Health Care
Initiatives of the Private Sector
Jason Marczak, Nina Agrawal, Gustavo Nigenda, José Arturo Ruiz, Ligia de Charry
Americas Society (AS) - March 7, 2011
Available online PDF [32p.] at: http://bit.ly/i12jiJ
…….Latin America remains the most unequal region in the world, presenting significant challenges to overall regional development. A number of groups— among them the urban and rural poor (33.1 percent of the population), indigenous populations, Afro-Latinos, and women—continue to lack access to critical pillars of development, including quality health care services….
“…..This report presents the findings and conclusions of Americas Society’s (AS) Ford Foundation-funded research on health care carried out under the AS Social Inclusion Program.
The goal of this paper is to draw attention to a sample of new practices that increase access to quality health care for marginalized populations and spur businesses, governments and nonprofit organizations to commit more to address this issue.
The focus is on Colombia and Mexico, where ongoing national efforts have significantly increased health care access for those traditionally left out of the health care system. By the end of 2010, Seguro Popular had reached 42 million of Mexico’s 50 million previously uninsured, and by 2011, the subsidized regime of Colombia’s Ley 100 was providing health insurance to 11 million people who otherwise would have had no such insurance.
Through in-country research and a roundtable meeting, Americas Society, leveraging its relationship with sister organization Council of the Americas (COA), looked at select cases in which the private sector is expanding access to care in each country. This report does not evaluate individual programs but rather presents a variety of health care initiatives that all have the same goal: providing care for those that otherwise would not have access to it. It is essential that we consider these cases and the lessons learned in the larger regional context.
Recommendations include:
•Greater utilization of information and communications technology, through eHealth and mHealth initiatives, can expand access to quality care, reduce inefficiencies and cut costs.
•A regional clearinghouse of for-profit models that serve marginalized populations can be an effective strategy for consolidating efforts.
•Regular dialogue between health ministries or local departments and the private sector is necessary to harmonize health care delivery efforts….”
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 9 de marzo de 2011 09:42
asunto: [EQ] Addressing Systemic Challenges to Social Inclusion in Health Care
Addressing Systemic Challenges to Social Inclusion in Health Care
Initiatives of the Private Sector
Jason Marczak, Nina Agrawal, Gustavo Nigenda, José Arturo Ruiz, Ligia de Charry
Americas Society (AS) - March 7, 2011
Available online PDF [32p.] at: http://bit.ly/i12jiJ
…….Latin America remains the most unequal region in the world, presenting significant challenges to overall regional development. A number of groups— among them the urban and rural poor (33.1 percent of the population), indigenous populations, Afro-Latinos, and women—continue to lack access to critical pillars of development, including quality health care services….
“…..This report presents the findings and conclusions of Americas Society’s (AS) Ford Foundation-funded research on health care carried out under the AS Social Inclusion Program.
The goal of this paper is to draw attention to a sample of new practices that increase access to quality health care for marginalized populations and spur businesses, governments and nonprofit organizations to commit more to address this issue.
The focus is on Colombia and Mexico, where ongoing national efforts have significantly increased health care access for those traditionally left out of the health care system. By the end of 2010, Seguro Popular had reached 42 million of Mexico’s 50 million previously uninsured, and by 2011, the subsidized regime of Colombia’s Ley 100 was providing health insurance to 11 million people who otherwise would have had no such insurance.
Through in-country research and a roundtable meeting, Americas Society, leveraging its relationship with sister organization Council of the Americas (COA), looked at select cases in which the private sector is expanding access to care in each country. This report does not evaluate individual programs but rather presents a variety of health care initiatives that all have the same goal: providing care for those that otherwise would not have access to it. It is essential that we consider these cases and the lessons learned in the larger regional context.
Recommendations include:
•Greater utilization of information and communications technology, through eHealth and mHealth initiatives, can expand access to quality care, reduce inefficiencies and cut costs.
•A regional clearinghouse of for-profit models that serve marginalized populations can be an effective strategy for consolidating efforts.
•Regular dialogue between health ministries or local departments and the private sector is necessary to harmonize health care delivery efforts….”
* * *
viernes, 25 de febrero de 2011
FROM CONFLICT AND CRISIS TO RENEWAL: GENERATIONS OF CHANGE
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
fecha: 24 de febrero de 2011 16:04
asunto: [EQ] From conflict and crisis to renewal: generations of change
From conflict and crisis to renewal: generations of change
The State of World Population 2010
External Relations Division of UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund
Available online PDF [116p.] at: http://bit.ly/hwiYkD
“……….Conflict today is less about soldiers engaging in battle with soldiers on the other side of a national border and more about combatants struggling for control within a single country and employing any means to break the will of civilians—women, girls, men and boys—by disempowering them physically, psychologically, economically, and socially.
In many of today’s conflicts, women are disempowered by rape or the threat of it, and by the HIV infection, trauma and disabilities that often result from it. Girls are disempowered when they cannot go to school because of the threat of violence, when they are abducted or trafficked, or when their families disintegrate or must flee. In some conflicts, men are also disempowered by sexual violence. Boys, too, are sometimes exploited or forced to become soldiers.
The State of World Population 2010 explores how conflict and protracted humanitarian emergencies affect women and girls—and men and boys—and shows how many women and young people have overcome seemingly insurmountable obstacles and have begun rebuilding their lives and laying the foundation for peace and renewal of their societies……..”
Content:
1 Bosnia and Herzegovina as catalyst of change
2 A resolution and reality: a decade on the ground
3 Women on the front lines of recovery
4 In times of crisis, gender relations in flux
5 Youth: The future of post-conflict societies
6 Living without an anchor: refugees and the internally displaced
7 Imprisoned at home: life under occupation
8 And the next ten years?
• + Bibliography
• + Indicators
• + Notes for Indicators
• + Technical Notes
* * *
fecha: 24 de febrero de 2011 16:04
asunto: [EQ] From conflict and crisis to renewal: generations of change
From conflict and crisis to renewal: generations of change
The State of World Population 2010
External Relations Division of UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund
Available online PDF [116p.] at: http://bit.ly/hwiYkD
“……….Conflict today is less about soldiers engaging in battle with soldiers on the other side of a national border and more about combatants struggling for control within a single country and employing any means to break the will of civilians—women, girls, men and boys—by disempowering them physically, psychologically, economically, and socially.
In many of today’s conflicts, women are disempowered by rape or the threat of it, and by the HIV infection, trauma and disabilities that often result from it. Girls are disempowered when they cannot go to school because of the threat of violence, when they are abducted or trafficked, or when their families disintegrate or must flee. In some conflicts, men are also disempowered by sexual violence. Boys, too, are sometimes exploited or forced to become soldiers.
The State of World Population 2010 explores how conflict and protracted humanitarian emergencies affect women and girls—and men and boys—and shows how many women and young people have overcome seemingly insurmountable obstacles and have begun rebuilding their lives and laying the foundation for peace and renewal of their societies……..”
Content:
1 Bosnia and Herzegovina as catalyst of change
2 A resolution and reality: a decade on the ground
3 Women on the front lines of recovery
4 In times of crisis, gender relations in flux
5 Youth: The future of post-conflict societies
6 Living without an anchor: refugees and the internally displaced
7 Imprisoned at home: life under occupation
8 And the next ten years?
• + Bibliography
• + Indicators
• + Notes for Indicators
• + Technical Notes
* * *
XI ENCUENTRO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE PREVENCIÓN Y SALUD LABORAL
De: Dr. Miguel Acevedo (Santiago) :drmacevedo@gmail.com
fecha: 25 de febrero de 2011 11:53
asunto: XI ENCUENTRO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE PREVENCIÓN Y SALUD LABORAL
XI ENCUENTRO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE PREVENCIÓN Y SALUD LABORAL
III SEMINARIO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE FACTORES PSICOSOCIALES EN LA PROFESIÓN MÉDICA
En la presente edición todas las actividades se desarrollan en torno al objetivo de trabajar de forma interdisciplinar para conseguir empresas, Centros y puestos de trabajo saludables.
En esta onceava edición internacional queremos incidir una vez más en la necesidad del trabajo interdisciplinar y la visión integradora desde las diferentes áreas en un esfuerzo conjunto para lograr la mejora de las condiciones laborales y realizar una óptima prevención de riesgos que repercuta en las condiciones de salud de las personas y la organización.
Días 7, 8, 9 y 10 de Junio de 2011 (10 a 13:30 h.) - Vilanova i la Geltrú (Catalunya - España):
Mañanas (Ma. 7 - Vi. 10): Biblioteca-Museo Víctor Balaguer.
Cada una de las Jornadas se iniciará con la recepción de participantes y presencia de los autores de los póster para su comentario en el espacio de exposición. A continuación se dará paso a la Conferencia, a cargo de personas de relevancia y prestigio profesional en el tema a tratar, invitadas por la Organización.
Se continuará con el *Espació Temático*, con ponencias que expondrán los trabajos de *aplicación práctica*, desde las diferentes disciplinas (seguridad, ergonomía, medicina, higiene y psicosociología) en torno al tema central, dedicados a las diferentes áreas de interés, así como presentación de las últimas investigaciones, publicaciones, desarrollo de instrumentos, etc. realizados por los expertos en el campo de la salud ocupacional, ambiente y sociedad.
*Mañanas **(Mi. 8 - J. 9): Biblioteca-Museo Víctor Balaguer.*
*Talleres* "*Experiencias de Intervención para la Promoción de la Salud y la Prevención en el Trabajo" *impartidos por los miembros nacionales e internacionales de la RED RIPSOL (Red Iberoamericana de Riesgos Psicosociales Laborales) del Programa Iberoamericano de Colaboración en Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo - CYTED y del Instituto Internacional de Investigación Social, Ambiental y de Salud Ocupacional - IIISASO
Reunión de Investigadores*. Reunión de los asistentes con los investigadores de dichas instituciones con el fin de promover trabajos conjuntos de investigación e intercambiar experiencias sobre el Programa de Empresas, Centros y Puestos de Trabajo Saludables. Exposición de trabajos en curso en torno a los profesionales de la salud.
*El** Encuentro Internacional sobre Prevención y Salud Laboral que se desarrolla en Vilanova i la Geltrú, promueve y anima a todos los profesionales e investigadores de Europa e Iberoamérica para que den a conocer los avances y descubrimientos de la investigación en salud ocupacional por medio de las ponencias, comunicaciones escritas y pósters, que desarrollan sus diferentes proyectos de investigación.*
De esta forma el Encuentro Internacional sobre Prevención y Salud Laboral se constituye en una plataforma para la divulgación de trabajos científicos que puedan generar colaboración entre diferentes comunidades así como servir de ayuda para abrir nuevas líneas de investigación para posteriores proyectos.
INFORMACIÓN: *http://enpysal.8m.com/
Dra. Mª Àngels Carrión
Directora XI Encuentro Internacional sobre Prevención y Salud Laboral - ENPYSAL
Presidenta de la Asociación de Expertos en Psicosociología Aplicada - AEPA
Vicepresidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Internacional de Investigación Social, Ambiental y de Salud Ocupacional - IIISASO
Coordinadora Nacional Red RIPSOL (Red Iberoamericana de Riesgos Psicosociales Laborales) del Programa Iberoamericano de Colaboración en
Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo - CYTED
+34 938 100 741
+34 653 661 148
http://www.facebook.com/pages/ITPF-mac/144597595579363
http://enpysal.8m.com
http://itpfmac.edu20.org
__._,_.___
fecha: 25 de febrero de 2011 11:53
asunto: XI ENCUENTRO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE PREVENCIÓN Y SALUD LABORAL
XI ENCUENTRO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE PREVENCIÓN Y SALUD LABORAL
III SEMINARIO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE FACTORES PSICOSOCIALES EN LA PROFESIÓN MÉDICA
En la presente edición todas las actividades se desarrollan en torno al objetivo de trabajar de forma interdisciplinar para conseguir empresas, Centros y puestos de trabajo saludables.
En esta onceava edición internacional queremos incidir una vez más en la necesidad del trabajo interdisciplinar y la visión integradora desde las diferentes áreas en un esfuerzo conjunto para lograr la mejora de las condiciones laborales y realizar una óptima prevención de riesgos que repercuta en las condiciones de salud de las personas y la organización.
Días 7, 8, 9 y 10 de Junio de 2011 (10 a 13:30 h.) - Vilanova i la Geltrú (Catalunya - España):
Mañanas (Ma. 7 - Vi. 10): Biblioteca-Museo Víctor Balaguer.
Cada una de las Jornadas se iniciará con la recepción de participantes y presencia de los autores de los póster para su comentario en el espacio de exposición. A continuación se dará paso a la Conferencia, a cargo de personas de relevancia y prestigio profesional en el tema a tratar, invitadas por la Organización.
Se continuará con el *Espació Temático*, con ponencias que expondrán los trabajos de *aplicación práctica*, desde las diferentes disciplinas (seguridad, ergonomía, medicina, higiene y psicosociología) en torno al tema central, dedicados a las diferentes áreas de interés, así como presentación de las últimas investigaciones, publicaciones, desarrollo de instrumentos, etc. realizados por los expertos en el campo de la salud ocupacional, ambiente y sociedad.
*Mañanas **(Mi. 8 - J. 9): Biblioteca-Museo Víctor Balaguer.*
*Talleres* "*Experiencias de Intervención para la Promoción de la Salud y la Prevención en el Trabajo" *impartidos por los miembros nacionales e internacionales de la RED RIPSOL (Red Iberoamericana de Riesgos Psicosociales Laborales) del Programa Iberoamericano de Colaboración en Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo - CYTED y del Instituto Internacional de Investigación Social, Ambiental y de Salud Ocupacional - IIISASO
Reunión de Investigadores*. Reunión de los asistentes con los investigadores de dichas instituciones con el fin de promover trabajos conjuntos de investigación e intercambiar experiencias sobre el Programa de Empresas, Centros y Puestos de Trabajo Saludables. Exposición de trabajos en curso en torno a los profesionales de la salud.
*El** Encuentro Internacional sobre Prevención y Salud Laboral que se desarrolla en Vilanova i la Geltrú, promueve y anima a todos los profesionales e investigadores de Europa e Iberoamérica para que den a conocer los avances y descubrimientos de la investigación en salud ocupacional por medio de las ponencias, comunicaciones escritas y pósters, que desarrollan sus diferentes proyectos de investigación.*
De esta forma el Encuentro Internacional sobre Prevención y Salud Laboral se constituye en una plataforma para la divulgación de trabajos científicos que puedan generar colaboración entre diferentes comunidades así como servir de ayuda para abrir nuevas líneas de investigación para posteriores proyectos.
INFORMACIÓN: *http://enpysal.8m.com/
Dra. Mª Àngels Carrión
Directora XI Encuentro Internacional sobre Prevención y Salud Laboral - ENPYSAL
Presidenta de la Asociación de Expertos en Psicosociología Aplicada - AEPA
Vicepresidenta Ejecutiva del Instituto Internacional de Investigación Social, Ambiental y de Salud Ocupacional - IIISASO
Coordinadora Nacional Red RIPSOL (Red Iberoamericana de Riesgos Psicosociales Laborales) del Programa Iberoamericano de Colaboración en
Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo - CYTED
+34 938 100 741
+34 653 661 148
http://www.facebook.com/pages/ITPF-mac/144597595579363
http://enpysal.8m.com
http://itpfmac.edu20.org
__._,_.___
EVALUAR FUERZAS DE EMPUJE Y TRACCIÓN
De: Dr. Miguel Acevedo (Santiago) :drmacevedo@gmail.com
fecha: 25 de febrero de 2011 12:02
asunto: Evaluar fuerzas de empuje y tracción
Evaluar fuerzas de empuje y tracción
Autor: Rulo_3
Fecha: lunes, 21 de febrero de 2011 - Hora: 13:57:37
quiero evaluar la MMC de unos operarios en una fábrica que además de manipular cargas diferentes tiene que empujar y tirar de carros, traspaletas, etc. ¿Estaría bien evaular las fuerzas de empuje y tracción con la herramienta MIC ofrecida por la SLIC? (http://www.handlingloads.eu/es/site/18/19) ¿Qué otros métodos existen?
Lo que corresponde es medir con dinamómetro y comparar las fuerzas obtenidas con lo señalado en las tablas de Liberty Mutual. Para cuando no se cuenta con dinamómetro se podría usar los criterios de Culvenor (2005), quien midió experimentalmente las fuerzas horizontales aplicadas por hombres a un carro estándar utilizado en una industria de ensamblaje de automóviles.
Las condiciones experimentales ocupadas implicaban empujar un carro con ambas manos, por una distancia de metros de empuje. Se realizó evaluación de fuerza inicial máxima. A los participantes se les indicó empujar el carro sobre 4 metros, de la forma habitual en que desempeña la labor. Se realizó 3 intentos para cada carga, comenzando desde la más liviana y pasando hasta las más grandes.
El carro era uno de tipo estándar en la industria de ensamblaje de automóviles. Para evaluar la carga se aplicó una fórmula de regresión basada en un peso del carro de 160 kg, 200 kg, 300 kg, 350 kg y 400 kg. Las asas se encuentran a una altura de de 140 cm; el diámetro de estas es de 3,5 cm, y su separación es de 45 cm (ancho de los codos). El carro tiene 4 ruedas (diámetro y material no informados).
El piso es de concreto afinado y los sujetos experimentales son 7 hombres de edad y peso no informado.
Para este carro y bajo las condiciones experimentales indicadas, el autor propone la siguiente ecuación de cálculo:
Promedio de la fuerza aplicada (kg-f) = (Peso del carro y la carga en kg)/ 20 + 6,5
Cuando no se cuenta con instrumentación para hacer mediciones o no se tiene los datos de fuerza por alguna causa, esta expresión puede ser aplicada como una aproximación muy inicial y gruesa de la fuerza necesaria para sacar del reposo un carro como el descrito, para luego contrastarla con los datos de fuerza máxima aceptable para el empuje de carga de Snook y Ciriello (1991).
Así, por ejemplo, si la carga total es 400 kg, entonces la fuerza requerida para sacarla del reposo (Fuerza inicial), será 26,5 kg-f (260 N, aproximadamente).
Obviamente esta fuerza puede ser mayor si las condiciones reales de la tarea difieren en forma significativa de las señaladas más arriba como condiciones experimentales (por ejemplo, ruedas deterioradas, piso de mala calidad, superficies inclinadas, etc.)
Ref: Culvenor J. 2005. Initial force and desirable handle height range when pushing a trolley. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety in Australia and New Zealand. 21(4):341-349.
--
Dr. Miguel E. Acevedo Álvarez
Médico del Trabajo, Ergonomista
Unidad de Ergonomía, Instituto de Seguridad del Trabajo
macevedo@ist.cl | Oficina: 2-2285915 | Celular: 66098008
Av. Colón 3066, 7550423 Las Condes
__._,_.___
fecha: 25 de febrero de 2011 12:02
asunto: Evaluar fuerzas de empuje y tracción
Evaluar fuerzas de empuje y tracción
Autor: Rulo_3
Fecha: lunes, 21 de febrero de 2011 - Hora: 13:57:37
quiero evaluar la MMC de unos operarios en una fábrica que además de manipular cargas diferentes tiene que empujar y tirar de carros, traspaletas, etc. ¿Estaría bien evaular las fuerzas de empuje y tracción con la herramienta MIC ofrecida por la SLIC? (http://www.handlingloads.eu/es/site/18/19) ¿Qué otros métodos existen?
Lo que corresponde es medir con dinamómetro y comparar las fuerzas obtenidas con lo señalado en las tablas de Liberty Mutual. Para cuando no se cuenta con dinamómetro se podría usar los criterios de Culvenor (2005), quien midió experimentalmente las fuerzas horizontales aplicadas por hombres a un carro estándar utilizado en una industria de ensamblaje de automóviles.
Las condiciones experimentales ocupadas implicaban empujar un carro con ambas manos, por una distancia de metros de empuje. Se realizó evaluación de fuerza inicial máxima. A los participantes se les indicó empujar el carro sobre 4 metros, de la forma habitual en que desempeña la labor. Se realizó 3 intentos para cada carga, comenzando desde la más liviana y pasando hasta las más grandes.
El carro era uno de tipo estándar en la industria de ensamblaje de automóviles. Para evaluar la carga se aplicó una fórmula de regresión basada en un peso del carro de 160 kg, 200 kg, 300 kg, 350 kg y 400 kg. Las asas se encuentran a una altura de de 140 cm; el diámetro de estas es de 3,5 cm, y su separación es de 45 cm (ancho de los codos). El carro tiene 4 ruedas (diámetro y material no informados).
El piso es de concreto afinado y los sujetos experimentales son 7 hombres de edad y peso no informado.
Para este carro y bajo las condiciones experimentales indicadas, el autor propone la siguiente ecuación de cálculo:
Promedio de la fuerza aplicada (kg-f) = (Peso del carro y la carga en kg)/ 20 + 6,5
Cuando no se cuenta con instrumentación para hacer mediciones o no se tiene los datos de fuerza por alguna causa, esta expresión puede ser aplicada como una aproximación muy inicial y gruesa de la fuerza necesaria para sacar del reposo un carro como el descrito, para luego contrastarla con los datos de fuerza máxima aceptable para el empuje de carga de Snook y Ciriello (1991).
Así, por ejemplo, si la carga total es 400 kg, entonces la fuerza requerida para sacarla del reposo (Fuerza inicial), será 26,5 kg-f (260 N, aproximadamente).
Obviamente esta fuerza puede ser mayor si las condiciones reales de la tarea difieren en forma significativa de las señaladas más arriba como condiciones experimentales (por ejemplo, ruedas deterioradas, piso de mala calidad, superficies inclinadas, etc.)
Ref: Culvenor J. 2005. Initial force and desirable handle height range when pushing a trolley. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety in Australia and New Zealand. 21(4):341-349.
--
Dr. Miguel E. Acevedo Álvarez
Médico del Trabajo, Ergonomista
Unidad de Ergonomía, Instituto de Seguridad del Trabajo
macevedo@ist.cl | Oficina: 2-2285915 | Celular: 66098008
Av. Colón 3066, 7550423 Las Condes
__._,_.___
miércoles, 23 de febrero de 2011
SUCCESSFUL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR EXPERIENCES
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de febrero de 2011 15:16
asunto: [EQ] Successful Social Protection Floor Experiences
Successful Social Protection Floor Experiences
ILO/UNDP – February 2011
Available online PDF [420p.] at: http://bit.ly/gxPxbf
“…..This book presents 18 case studies on social protection floor policies from 15 countries of the global South.
Access to health services, education, food, water, housing, sanitation and information as well as enjoyment of a basic level of income security are human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Social protection is an important factor in enabling people to exercise these rights. The social protection floor approach combines all these social services and income transfer programmes in a coherent and consistent way, preventing people from falling into poverty and empowering those who are poor to escape the poverty trap and find decent jobs. In the absence of social protection, people are subjected to increased risks of sinking below the poverty line or remaining caught in poverty.
“……About 80 per cent of the global population lives in social insecurity, unable to enjoy a set of social guarantees that enable them to deal with life’s risks. Approximately 1.4 billion people live on less than $1.25 a day according to recent World Bank estimations. Most of them are women and children, work in the informal economy, and/or belong to socially unprotected groups such as people living with disabilities or HIV/AIDS or migrant workers.
A national social protection floor is a powerful instrument for addressing this permanent human crisis.
The social protection floor (SPF) approach promotes access to essential social transfers and services in the areas of health, water and sanitation, education, food, housing, and life- and asset-saving information. It is an approach that emphasizes the need to implement comprehensive, coherent and coordinated social protection policies to guarantee services and social transfers throughout the life cycle, paying particular attention to vulnerable groups. The challenge is how to cover the entire population effectively, especially those who are at risk or who are already in a situation of deprivation, and in a sustainable manner.
Many developing countries have already successfully taken measures to build their nationally defined social protection floors or to introduce elements thereof. The results of programmes in these countries show us that the impact of the social protection floor on poverty, vulnerability and inequality can be dramatic. The knowledge, expertise and experience that these countries have gained in their own efforts at establishing a social protection floor represent a valuable source for other countries interested in planning, expanding, extending or reorienting their social protection systems….”
Content:
Introduction
1 Extension of the Universal Family Allowance: The Universal Child Allowance – Argent ina
2 The Dignity Pension (Renta Dignidad): A Universal Old-age Pension Scheme – Bol ivia (Plur inat ional State of )
3 Broadening Social Protection and Integrating Social Policies – Brazil
4 The Rural Social Insurance Programme – Brazil
5 Building a Social Protection Floor – Burkina Faso
6 The National Social Protection Strategy for the Poor and Vulnerable: Process of Development – Cambodia
7 The Red Protege, the Social Protection System, 2006-2010 – Chile
8 Developing a Basic Rural Medical Security System – China
9 The Subsidized Health-care Scheme in the Social Protection System – Colombia
10 Towards a Universal Pension Protection Scheme – Ecuador
11 Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana – India
12 The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act – India
13 A Social Protection Floor – Mexico
14 Setting Up a Social Protection Floor – Mozambique
15 Social Protection: An Ongoing Process – Rwanda
16 Child Suppor t Grants – South Af r ica
17 The Universal Coverage Scheme – Thai land
18 The 500 Baht Universal Pension Scheme – Thai land
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 22 de febrero de 2011 15:16
asunto: [EQ] Successful Social Protection Floor Experiences
Successful Social Protection Floor Experiences
ILO/UNDP – February 2011
Available online PDF [420p.] at: http://bit.ly/gxPxbf
“…..This book presents 18 case studies on social protection floor policies from 15 countries of the global South.
Access to health services, education, food, water, housing, sanitation and information as well as enjoyment of a basic level of income security are human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Social protection is an important factor in enabling people to exercise these rights. The social protection floor approach combines all these social services and income transfer programmes in a coherent and consistent way, preventing people from falling into poverty and empowering those who are poor to escape the poverty trap and find decent jobs. In the absence of social protection, people are subjected to increased risks of sinking below the poverty line or remaining caught in poverty.
“……About 80 per cent of the global population lives in social insecurity, unable to enjoy a set of social guarantees that enable them to deal with life’s risks. Approximately 1.4 billion people live on less than $1.25 a day according to recent World Bank estimations. Most of them are women and children, work in the informal economy, and/or belong to socially unprotected groups such as people living with disabilities or HIV/AIDS or migrant workers.
A national social protection floor is a powerful instrument for addressing this permanent human crisis.
The social protection floor (SPF) approach promotes access to essential social transfers and services in the areas of health, water and sanitation, education, food, housing, and life- and asset-saving information. It is an approach that emphasizes the need to implement comprehensive, coherent and coordinated social protection policies to guarantee services and social transfers throughout the life cycle, paying particular attention to vulnerable groups. The challenge is how to cover the entire population effectively, especially those who are at risk or who are already in a situation of deprivation, and in a sustainable manner.
Many developing countries have already successfully taken measures to build their nationally defined social protection floors or to introduce elements thereof. The results of programmes in these countries show us that the impact of the social protection floor on poverty, vulnerability and inequality can be dramatic. The knowledge, expertise and experience that these countries have gained in their own efforts at establishing a social protection floor represent a valuable source for other countries interested in planning, expanding, extending or reorienting their social protection systems….”
Content:
Introduction
1 Extension of the Universal Family Allowance: The Universal Child Allowance – Argent ina
2 The Dignity Pension (Renta Dignidad): A Universal Old-age Pension Scheme – Bol ivia (Plur inat ional State of )
3 Broadening Social Protection and Integrating Social Policies – Brazil
4 The Rural Social Insurance Programme – Brazil
5 Building a Social Protection Floor – Burkina Faso
6 The National Social Protection Strategy for the Poor and Vulnerable: Process of Development – Cambodia
7 The Red Protege, the Social Protection System, 2006-2010 – Chile
8 Developing a Basic Rural Medical Security System – China
9 The Subsidized Health-care Scheme in the Social Protection System – Colombia
10 Towards a Universal Pension Protection Scheme – Ecuador
11 Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana – India
12 The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act – India
13 A Social Protection Floor – Mexico
14 Setting Up a Social Protection Floor – Mozambique
15 Social Protection: An Ongoing Process – Rwanda
16 Child Suppor t Grants – South Af r ica
17 The Universal Coverage Scheme – Thai land
18 The 500 Baht Universal Pension Scheme – Thai land
* * *
Cuidado con las lamparas de bajo consumo cuando se rompen
De: Angel Comasco : angelfcomasco@yahoo.com.ar
Asunto: [SESOMA] Cuidado con las lamparas de bajo consumo cuando se rompen
Fecha: lunes, 21 de febrero de 2011, 10:51
Atención a las lámparas de bajo consumo: si alguna se rompe deben seguir las instrucciones del Ministerio de Salud británico para que juntos evitemos los graves daños causados por el mercurio.
Aviso del Ministerio británico de Salud sobre las lámparas de ahorro de energía
Este tipo de lámparas que son llamadas de ahorro de energía o lámparas de bajo consumo, en caso de romperse nos exponen a un serio peligro. Tanto que todo el mundo deberá salir de esa habitación ¡por lo menos durante 15 minutos! y evitar machucar los vidrios rotos.
Porque contienen mercurio, que es venenoso y causa jaqueca, desorientación, desequilibrios y diferentes problemas de salud cuando es inhalado.
A muchas personas con alergias les causa problemas de piel y otras dolencias graves tocando apenas esta substancia o bien al inhalarla.
Además de eso, el ministerio alertó sobre no limpiar los restos de la lámpara rota con la aspiradora, ya que desparramaría la contaminación para otros lugares de la casa en cuanto se usara nuevamente la misma.
Las lámparas deberán limpiarse por medio de escoba común y ser mantenidas en una bolsa sellada, y arrojada luego afuera de la casa en la basura para materiales peligrosos, usando guantes de goma para protegerse del contacto con los vidrios y el mercurio.
El mercurio es peligroso, más venenoso que el plomo o el arsénico.
Asunto: [SESOMA] Cuidado con las lamparas de bajo consumo cuando se rompen
Fecha: lunes, 21 de febrero de 2011, 10:51
Atención a las lámparas de bajo consumo: si alguna se rompe deben seguir las instrucciones del Ministerio de Salud británico para que juntos evitemos los graves daños causados por el mercurio.
Aviso del Ministerio británico de Salud sobre las lámparas de ahorro de energía
Este tipo de lámparas que son llamadas de ahorro de energía o lámparas de bajo consumo, en caso de romperse nos exponen a un serio peligro. Tanto que todo el mundo deberá salir de esa habitación ¡por lo menos durante 15 minutos! y evitar machucar los vidrios rotos.
Porque contienen mercurio, que es venenoso y causa jaqueca, desorientación, desequilibrios y diferentes problemas de salud cuando es inhalado.
A muchas personas con alergias les causa problemas de piel y otras dolencias graves tocando apenas esta substancia o bien al inhalarla.
Además de eso, el ministerio alertó sobre no limpiar los restos de la lámpara rota con la aspiradora, ya que desparramaría la contaminación para otros lugares de la casa en cuanto se usara nuevamente la misma.
Las lámparas deberán limpiarse por medio de escoba común y ser mantenidas en una bolsa sellada, y arrojada luego afuera de la casa en la basura para materiales peligrosos, usando guantes de goma para protegerse del contacto con los vidrios y el mercurio.
El mercurio es peligroso, más venenoso que el plomo o el arsénico.
CONCURSO PARA CUBRIR 100 VACANTES DE INSPECTORES DE OBRAS EN EL GOB. DE LA CIUDAD DE BS.AS. 10:37:18 A.M.
From: "Ing. Norberto Beliera " : maquina2@speedy.com.ar
To: : consult-art@fibertel.com.ar
Sent: Wednesday, February 23, 2011 9:09 AM
Subject: Concurso para cubrir 100 vacantes de Inspectores de Obras en el
Gob. de la Ciudad de Bs.As. 10:37:18 a.m.
> GCABA - AGC
> Búsqueda de personal
> La Agencia Gubernamental de Control del Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de
> Buenos Aires llama a presentar antecedentes para cubrir 100 puestos de
> Inspectores para la Dirección General de Fiscalización y Control,
> Dirección General de Fiscalización y Control de Obras y Dirección General
> de Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria.
> La convocatoria de realiza mediante la siguiente resolución, con su
> correspondiente anexo.
> Resolución N° 88/AGC/11
> <>
> Anexo Resolución N° 88/AGC/11
> <>
>
> ATENCIÓN: Si desea resonder el email, hagalo a la dirección
> nbeliera@cipba.org , o directamente haga click en "RESPONDER".
> Muchas gracias.
> CIPBA
>
>
----------------------------------------------------------
Se certificó que el correo entrante no contiene virus.
Comprobada por AVG - www.avg.es
Versión: 9.0.872 / Base de datos de virus: 271.1.1/3462 - Fecha de la
versión: 02/23/11 04:34:00
To: : consult-art@fibertel.com.ar
Sent: Wednesday, February 23, 2011 9:09 AM
Subject: Concurso para cubrir 100 vacantes de Inspectores de Obras en el
Gob. de la Ciudad de Bs.As. 10:37:18 a.m.
> GCABA - AGC
> Búsqueda de personal
> La Agencia Gubernamental de Control del Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de
> Buenos Aires llama a presentar antecedentes para cubrir 100 puestos de
> Inspectores para la Dirección General de Fiscalización y Control,
> Dirección General de Fiscalización y Control de Obras y Dirección General
> de Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria.
> La convocatoria de realiza mediante la siguiente resolución, con su
> correspondiente anexo.
> Resolución N° 88/AGC/11
> <
> Anexo Resolución N° 88/AGC/11
> <
>
> ATENCIÓN: Si desea resonder el email, hagalo a la dirección
> nbeliera@cipba.org , o directamente haga click en "RESPONDER".
> Muchas gracias.
> CIPBA
>
>
----------------------------------------------------------
Se certificó que el correo entrante no contiene virus.
Comprobada por AVG - www.avg.es
Versión: 9.0.872 / Base de datos de virus: 271.1.1/3462 - Fecha de la
versión: 02/23/11 04:34:00
martes, 8 de febrero de 2011
Critical Appraisal of Intervention Studies for public health
de: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de febrero de 2011 10:53
asunto: [EQ] Critical Appraisal of Intervention Studies for public health
Online Learning Modules
Critical Appraisal of Intervention Studies
Donna Ciliska, Professor, McMaster University and Scientific Director, National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools,
with Jacqueline Muresan and Rebecca LaRocca
National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools NCCMT – Canada – January 2011
Website: http://bit.ly/gBS9e8
Public health decision makers consider evidence from a variety of sources. How do you know if you can trust the evidence you find and whether you can apply it to your own situation?
The Critical Appraisal of Intervention Studies (CAIS) module was designed to help for the planning and delivery of public health programs and services,
Estimated total time: approximately 6-8 hours
Pre-requisite: This learning module builds on the concepts discussed in the NCCMT module entitled Introduction to evidence-informed decision making.
Purpose:
To demonstrate how to assess the quality of an intervention study and to develop skill in applying the criteria for critical appraisal of an intervention study to enable you to determine whether that intervention can be applied to your own public health situation.
Objectives:
1. Develop or enhance skills in the critical appraisal of a primary study of a treatment or prevention intervention.
2. Review and apply a source of research evidence to a scenario, summarize the results, and decide if the findings are applicable.
Process: This module is built on a scenario that will allow you to understand and apply new knowledge and skills in the critical appraisal of a systematic review of a treatment or prevention intervention. Once you read the scenario you can go to any section of the module (time estimates are in brackets), however it is suggested you work through each of the steps consecutively so that each section can build on the one previous.
Teaching and learning strategies:
· Independent reading
· ‘Practice’ activities and discussion questions which should be completed for each section of this module on your own or with a group of colleagues who are also working through the module.
· Application of evidence to a practice scenario
· Opportunity to ask questions and discuss content with others through the DialoguePH online discussion forum.
Links: Each time you see the word scenario, it is linked to the actual scenario and will take you there if you click on it. Similarly, the key terms are linked to a definition in a glossary
Learning Module
o Overview
o Scenario
o 1. What is critical appraisal? Why bother doing it?
o 2. Critical appraisal tools and criteria for intervention studies.
o 3. How to apply critical appraisal criteria
§ Reviewing an article
§ Critical Review Form for Intervention Studies
§ I. Are the results valid?
§ II. What are the results?
§ III. How can I apply the results?
§ Resolution of Scenario 1
§ Answer Guide
o 4. Additional review and practice
§ Introduction
§ Scenario 2
§ Scenario 3
· Conclusion
· Feedback Form
· Glossary
· Contact Us
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de febrero de 2011 10:53
asunto: [EQ] Critical Appraisal of Intervention Studies for public health
Online Learning Modules
Critical Appraisal of Intervention Studies
Donna Ciliska, Professor, McMaster University and Scientific Director, National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools,
with Jacqueline Muresan and Rebecca LaRocca
National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools NCCMT – Canada – January 2011
Website: http://bit.ly/gBS9e8
Public health decision makers consider evidence from a variety of sources. How do you know if you can trust the evidence you find and whether you can apply it to your own situation?
The Critical Appraisal of Intervention Studies (CAIS) module was designed to help for the planning and delivery of public health programs and services,
Estimated total time: approximately 6-8 hours
Pre-requisite: This learning module builds on the concepts discussed in the NCCMT module entitled Introduction to evidence-informed decision making.
Purpose:
To demonstrate how to assess the quality of an intervention study and to develop skill in applying the criteria for critical appraisal of an intervention study to enable you to determine whether that intervention can be applied to your own public health situation.
Objectives:
1. Develop or enhance skills in the critical appraisal of a primary study of a treatment or prevention intervention.
2. Review and apply a source of research evidence to a scenario, summarize the results, and decide if the findings are applicable.
Process: This module is built on a scenario that will allow you to understand and apply new knowledge and skills in the critical appraisal of a systematic review of a treatment or prevention intervention. Once you read the scenario you can go to any section of the module (time estimates are in brackets), however it is suggested you work through each of the steps consecutively so that each section can build on the one previous.
Teaching and learning strategies:
· Independent reading
· ‘Practice’ activities and discussion questions which should be completed for each section of this module on your own or with a group of colleagues who are also working through the module.
· Application of evidence to a practice scenario
· Opportunity to ask questions and discuss content with others through the DialoguePH online discussion forum.
Links: Each time you see the word scenario, it is linked to the actual scenario and will take you there if you click on it. Similarly, the key terms are linked to a definition in a glossary
Learning Module
o Overview
o Scenario
o 1. What is critical appraisal? Why bother doing it?
o 2. Critical appraisal tools and criteria for intervention studies.
o 3. How to apply critical appraisal criteria
§ Reviewing an article
§ Critical Review Form for Intervention Studies
§ I. Are the results valid?
§ II. What are the results?
§ III. How can I apply the results?
§ Resolution of Scenario 1
§ Answer Guide
o 4. Additional review and practice
§ Introduction
§ Scenario 2
§ Scenario 3
· Conclusion
· Feedback Form
· Glossary
· Contact Us
* * *
The right to sutures: social epidemiology, human rights, and social justice
De: Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC) : ruglucia@paho.org
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de febrero de 2011 12:02
asunto: [EQ] The right to sutures: social epidemiology, human rights, and social justice
The right to sutures: social epidemiology, human rights, and social justice
Sridhar Venkatapuram, Ruth Bell, and Michael Marmot
Health and Human Rights: An International Journal, HHR volume 12 number 2 - 2010
Available PDF [14p.] online at: http://bit.ly/fSsmjg
“……The article examines the convergences and contrasts between social epidemiology, social medicine, and human rights approaches toward advancing global health and health equity.
The first section describes the goals and work of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health.
The second section discusses the role of human rights in the Commission’s work.
The third section evaluates, from the perspective of social epidemiology, two rights-based approaches to advancing health and health equity as compared to a view that focuses more broadly on social justice.
The concluding section identifies four areas where social epidemiologists, practitioners of social medicine, and health and human rights advocates can and must work together in order to make progress on health and health equity…..”
Sridhar Venkatapuram, ESRC–DFID Research Fellow in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health and a member of the Centre for Philosophy, Justice and Health, at University College London, UK
Ruth Bell, Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at University College London.
Michael Marmot, Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, and served as Chairman of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health and the Strategic Review of Health Inequalities in England Post 2010.
* * *
para: EQUIDAD@listserv.paho.org
fecha: 8 de febrero de 2011 12:02
asunto: [EQ] The right to sutures: social epidemiology, human rights, and social justice
The right to sutures: social epidemiology, human rights, and social justice
Sridhar Venkatapuram, Ruth Bell, and Michael Marmot
Health and Human Rights: An International Journal, HHR volume 12 number 2 - 2010
Available PDF [14p.] online at: http://bit.ly/fSsmjg
“……The article examines the convergences and contrasts between social epidemiology, social medicine, and human rights approaches toward advancing global health and health equity.
The first section describes the goals and work of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health.
The second section discusses the role of human rights in the Commission’s work.
The third section evaluates, from the perspective of social epidemiology, two rights-based approaches to advancing health and health equity as compared to a view that focuses more broadly on social justice.
The concluding section identifies four areas where social epidemiologists, practitioners of social medicine, and health and human rights advocates can and must work together in order to make progress on health and health equity…..”
Sridhar Venkatapuram, ESRC–DFID Research Fellow in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health and a member of the Centre for Philosophy, Justice and Health, at University College London, UK
Ruth Bell, Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at University College London.
Michael Marmot, Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, and served as Chairman of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health and the Strategic Review of Health Inequalities in England Post 2010.
* * *
martes, 1 de febrero de 2011
E: SCHOOL RESPONSE CONFERENCE March 18,2011 at Orlando, Florida
De: School Safety and Security : brianperry@events-exhibitions.info
Para: ruben.belandia@ehu.es
Asunto: [PR] Invitation to Attend: SCHOOL RESPONSE CONFERENCE March 18,2011 at Orlando, Florida
SCHOOL RESPONSE CONFERENCE - SRC 2011
Holiday Inn Resort, Lake Buena Vista, Orlando. florida, USA
March 18, 2011
Orlando, Florida
To REGISTER, please send email to perry_brian@ymail.com and brianperry@events-exhibitions.info for any other inquiries.
Delegate Registration Form Download
Delegate Brochure Download
Click here Holiday Inn Resort Hotel
PRESS RELEASE
To avail of the Holiday Inn Resort, Lake Buena Vista's generous rate on room reservation, please call 1 (800) 366-6299.
Cut-off date for the generous rate is on February 15, 2011.
Rates are as follows: March 17th - 81usd, March 18th - 81usd
Your chance to participate Beefed Up School Resiliency Plan on School Violence. Kindly forward this invitation to your School Safety & Security and Health Officers.
As a valued member of the School Safety Threat Prevention and Preparedness Community, you are invited to attend the School Response Conference (SRC 2011), which will be held on March 18, 2011 in Orlando, Florida. SRC 2011 is a sub-conference of the World Response Conference on Global Outbreak 2009 which was telecast live by Homeland Security Channel and featured on ABC 13.
The Western Conference on School Safety and Security such as David Osman, President of the Nevada Youth Alliance, Award Winning Los Angeles Police Officer Tony Newsom, the Executive Director Will Marling of the National Organization for Victim Assistance, and Dr James Shaw, Member Panel Expert from the Los Angeles Superior Courts,Restorative Approaches on Gangs, Drugs, & School Violence by John Lindsay DARE Regional Director.
The keynote speakers are the same batch from the Western Conference on School Safety and Security such as David Osman, President of the Nevada Youth Alliance, Award Winning Los Angeles Police Officer, School Shootings/Bombings Tony Newsom, the Executive Director Will Marling of the National Organization for Victim Assistance, and Dr James Shaw, Member Panel Expert from the Los Angeles Superior Courts. The keynote speaking will be followed by workshops from Tony Newsom and Community Matters Executive Director Rick Phillips, the lead author of the Safe Schools Ambassadors that has been implemented in more than 700 schools across United States and Canada. The conference, aimed at professionals in the education solutions industry, will also include mock exercise, workshop, and networking opportunities.
For more information, call us at 1 801-649-4288.
Top school administrators and key decision-makers of K-12, Colleges, and Universities of both public and private, will meet with the distinguished school safety experts, public/school health officials, mental health professionals, media persons-journalist and reporters, campus security officers, risk managers, education solution providers, and emergency management experts to discuss school prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery plus school defense, safety, and security.
One of the much awaited topics from this upcoming conference is from Criminal Court-Certified Expert Witness Dr James Shaw, who will address "Why Al-Qaeda Wants U.S. Gangs: and Why You Don't Want them on Your Campuses". According to Dr Shaw, "America's schools need to teach this FBI-validated violence education and prevention curriculum for personal and social responsibility reasons, just like they teach Driver Education and Training for motor-vehicular responsibility reasons having to do with preservation of life and reduction of risks." With the existence of the US Gangs and Al-Qaeda's recruitment, Dr Shaw added that Schools need to provide law enforcement officers, courts, probation officers, parole agents, psychologists and licensed clinical social workers with tests and assessments to measure law violators' concepts of Americanism, areas of conflicts and attitudes promising or perishing conformity to American ideals.
Additionally, SRC 2010 conference will address topics of high concern as wide as ranging school violence - school shootings, bullying, dating violence, vandalism, gang activity, alcohol and drugs, bomb threats, child abuse, vandalism, school massacres, catastrophic events such as pandemic outbreaks, tornadoes, terrorist attacks, and technological intrusions.
Where the future of public health and national school security will be decided:
· 1 full day of content
· Highest calibre speakers
· Panel Discussions,Mock Exercises & Workshops
Speakers will help attendees develop effective action plans that are unique to their own communities and engage the widest range of local stakeholders to "make our high schools and college campuses safe and secure -- the way learning environments really should be."
For us to secure and locked you in the system, we need you to fill out completely the attached registration form and email it back to perry_brian@ymail.com and attention it to me Brian. If you are unable to email it, kindly send details of your registration form as stated and payment details for us to formally include you in our list of registered exhibitors/attendees.
For more information, please call me at 1 801-649-4288 or email me back at brianperry@events-exhibitions.info or perry_brian@ymail.com
NOTE:
Room reservation will be telephoned directly to Hotel Reservati0n Department at 1-(866) 808-8833 or 1 (800) 366-6299.
Group attendees should request School Safety Conference Open Room Block. Payment of one night's room charge will be required by Hotel at time of reservation.
Thank you.
Sincerely Yours,
Brian Perry
Email: brianperry@events-exhibitions.info
perry_brian@ymail.com
Direct Line: 801-649-4288
Fax: +1 425-968-7400
1776 I Street, NW
9th Floor Washington
District of Columbia
20006 USA
Para: ruben.belandia@ehu.es
Asunto: [PR] Invitation to Attend: SCHOOL RESPONSE CONFERENCE March 18,2011 at Orlando, Florida
SCHOOL RESPONSE CONFERENCE - SRC 2011
Holiday Inn Resort, Lake Buena Vista, Orlando. florida, USA
March 18, 2011
Orlando, Florida
To REGISTER, please send email to perry_brian@ymail.com and brianperry@events-exhibitions.info for any other inquiries.
Delegate Registration Form Download
Delegate Brochure Download
Click here Holiday Inn Resort Hotel
PRESS RELEASE
To avail of the Holiday Inn Resort, Lake Buena Vista's generous rate on room reservation, please call 1 (800) 366-6299.
Cut-off date for the generous rate is on February 15, 2011.
Rates are as follows: March 17th - 81usd, March 18th - 81usd
Your chance to participate Beefed Up School Resiliency Plan on School Violence. Kindly forward this invitation to your School Safety & Security and Health Officers.
As a valued member of the School Safety Threat Prevention and Preparedness Community, you are invited to attend the School Response Conference (SRC 2011), which will be held on March 18, 2011 in Orlando, Florida. SRC 2011 is a sub-conference of the World Response Conference on Global Outbreak 2009 which was telecast live by Homeland Security Channel and featured on ABC 13.
The Western Conference on School Safety and Security such as David Osman, President of the Nevada Youth Alliance, Award Winning Los Angeles Police Officer Tony Newsom, the Executive Director Will Marling of the National Organization for Victim Assistance, and Dr James Shaw, Member Panel Expert from the Los Angeles Superior Courts,Restorative Approaches on Gangs, Drugs, & School Violence by John Lindsay DARE Regional Director.
The keynote speakers are the same batch from the Western Conference on School Safety and Security such as David Osman, President of the Nevada Youth Alliance, Award Winning Los Angeles Police Officer, School Shootings/Bombings Tony Newsom, the Executive Director Will Marling of the National Organization for Victim Assistance, and Dr James Shaw, Member Panel Expert from the Los Angeles Superior Courts. The keynote speaking will be followed by workshops from Tony Newsom and Community Matters Executive Director Rick Phillips, the lead author of the Safe Schools Ambassadors that has been implemented in more than 700 schools across United States and Canada. The conference, aimed at professionals in the education solutions industry, will also include mock exercise, workshop, and networking opportunities.
For more information, call us at 1 801-649-4288.
Top school administrators and key decision-makers of K-12, Colleges, and Universities of both public and private, will meet with the distinguished school safety experts, public/school health officials, mental health professionals, media persons-journalist and reporters, campus security officers, risk managers, education solution providers, and emergency management experts to discuss school prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery plus school defense, safety, and security.
One of the much awaited topics from this upcoming conference is from Criminal Court-Certified Expert Witness Dr James Shaw, who will address "Why Al-Qaeda Wants U.S. Gangs: and Why You Don't Want them on Your Campuses". According to Dr Shaw, "America's schools need to teach this FBI-validated violence education and prevention curriculum for personal and social responsibility reasons, just like they teach Driver Education and Training for motor-vehicular responsibility reasons having to do with preservation of life and reduction of risks." With the existence of the US Gangs and Al-Qaeda's recruitment, Dr Shaw added that Schools need to provide law enforcement officers, courts, probation officers, parole agents, psychologists and licensed clinical social workers with tests and assessments to measure law violators' concepts of Americanism, areas of conflicts and attitudes promising or perishing conformity to American ideals.
Additionally, SRC 2010 conference will address topics of high concern as wide as ranging school violence - school shootings, bullying, dating violence, vandalism, gang activity, alcohol and drugs, bomb threats, child abuse, vandalism, school massacres, catastrophic events such as pandemic outbreaks, tornadoes, terrorist attacks, and technological intrusions.
Where the future of public health and national school security will be decided:
· 1 full day of content
· Highest calibre speakers
· Panel Discussions,Mock Exercises & Workshops
Speakers will help attendees develop effective action plans that are unique to their own communities and engage the widest range of local stakeholders to "make our high schools and college campuses safe and secure -- the way learning environments really should be."
For us to secure and locked you in the system, we need you to fill out completely the attached registration form and email it back to perry_brian@ymail.com and attention it to me Brian. If you are unable to email it, kindly send details of your registration form as stated and payment details for us to formally include you in our list of registered exhibitors/attendees.
For more information, please call me at 1 801-649-4288 or email me back at brianperry@events-exhibitions.info or perry_brian@ymail.com
NOTE:
Room reservation will be telephoned directly to Hotel Reservati0n Department at 1-(866) 808-8833 or 1 (800) 366-6299.
Group attendees should request School Safety Conference Open Room Block. Payment of one night's room charge will be required by Hotel at time of reservation.
Thank you.
Sincerely Yours,
Brian Perry
Email: brianperry@events-exhibitions.info
perry_brian@ymail.com
Direct Line: 801-649-4288
Fax: +1 425-968-7400
1776 I Street, NW
9th Floor Washington
District of Columbia
20006 USA
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